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  • 17 July, 2021

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Indian National Congress - Foundation and the Moderate Phase

Indian National Congress

- Foundation and the Moderate Phase

Foundation of Indian National Congress

  • First session held in 1885 (Bombay).
  • Indian National Union, formed by A.O. Hume, became Indian National Congress.
  • Foundational theories of INC and prominent believers:
  1. Safety Valve Theory —Lala Lajpat Rai
  2. Conspiracy Theory—R.P. Dutt
  3. Lightning conductor Theory—G.K. Gokhale
  • Important leaders of Moderate Phase: Dadabhai Naoroji, Badruddin Tyabji, Pherozeshah Mehta, P.Ananda Charlu, Surendranath Banerjea, Romesh Chandra Dutt, Ananda Mohan Bose, G.K. Gokhale, etc.

Early Nationalist Methodology

  • Constitutional agitation within four walls of law
  • Create public opinion in India and campaign for support to Indian demands in England
  • Political education of people
  • Political connections with Britain in India’s interests at that stage
  • Time not ripe for direct challenge to colonial rule

Contributions of Moderate Nationalists

  • Economic critique of British imperialism
  • Constitutional reforms and propaganda in legislature
  • Campaign for general administrative reforms
  • Defence of civil rights

Source: Spectrum

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