Office of District Magistrate

The position of District Collector was created by Warren Hastings in 1772.

Powers, Duties, and Responsibilities District Magistrate/Collector

The District Magistrate or the Collector is the chief executive and chief administrative and revenue officer of a district. He makes necessary co-ordination of the official agencies functioning within the district. The functions and responsibilities of the District Magistrate Collector may be broadly classified as follows: Collector, District Magistrate, Deputy Commissioner, Chief Protocol Officer, Chief Development Officer, and Returning Officer.

As a Collector

• Land assessment
• Land acquisition
• Collection of land revenue, maintenance of land records, land reforms, consolidation of holdings, etc
• Collection of income tax dues, excise duties, irrigation dues, etc.
• Distribution of agricultural loans
• Disaster management during natural calamities such as floods, famines, or epidemics
• Crisis management during riots or external aggression
• Chairman of the District Bankers Coordination Committee.
• Head of the District Industries Centre

As a District Magistrate

• Maintenance of law and order
• Supervision of the police and jails
• Supervision of subordinate Executive magistracy
• Hearing cases under the preventive section of the Criminal Procedure Code
• Supervision of jails and certification of execution of capital sentences
• To submit the annual criminal report to the government

As a Deputy Commissioner

• Report to the divisional commissioner on all matters
• Act as ex-officio chairman of the District Development Authority in absence of divisional commissioner

As a Chief Protocol Officer

• Conducts the census work
• Look after the supply and proper distribution of daily necessities good
• Hears and takes adequate steps to redress the grievances of the local people
• Supervises the activities of the young government officers in the district and arranges for their training etc.

As a Chief Development Officer

• Conduct all the development plans and projects of the district
• Put into effect the policy of democratic decentralization
• Act as the chief liaison officer of the state government within the district.

As a Returning Officer

• Conduct and supervise all the election works in the district.

Changing Role of Secretary

Conventional Role of Secretary

Secretaries to the Government of India broadly played the following roles:

• Administrative Head of the Ministry.
• Policy Adviser to the Minister.
• Engaging with the Cabinet Secretariat.
• Engaging with the Prime Minister’s Office.
• Representing the Ministry before Parliamentary Committees.

But, in the present-day circumstances, it has evolved well beyond the conventional and become complex and multidimensional.

Multi-Dimensional Role of the Secretary in the Present Era

• Behavioural Change
  • Certain aspects require behavioral change; it involves nudging the state and District Administration to achieve the targets.
  • More and more interaction is required in the field so as to bring behavioral change.
• Technology
  • Virtual classrooms can become the focal point.
  • The District level functionaries and field functionaries can be trained in virtual classrooms.
  • With apps, we can monitor the progress on a daily basis.
  • Leveraging technology is essential to achieve the final goal.
• Convergence among the Ministries
  • For the delivery of various flagship programs, there is a need for Convergence.
  • For example, if we take Swachh Bharat, it requires convergence among the Ministries of School Education, Health, Women and Child Development as well as Rural Development.
  • If the secretaries work in silos, it is not possible to achieve the end goal.
• Communication
  • The Secretary should communicate to the outside world in clearer terms.
  • The traditional role of a Secretary was previously to remain faceless and anonymous, but the secretary needs to play a proactive role now.
  • Since the training and inclination of most civil servants is to remain anonymous, specialized communication is the need of the hour for Secretaries.