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Monthly DNA
G7's Commitment Towards Carbon-free Electricity Production G7 nations met for two days in the northern Japanese city of Sapporo to discuss climate, energy, and environmental policies. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the need for energy security and renewable fuel sources has grown more urgent. The climate and energy ministers and envoys of the Group of Seven (G7) nations have committed to accelerating the phase-out of coal and securing carbon-free electricity production by 2035. Prior to the G7 summit in Hiroshima, Japan, in May 2023, the agreement was made in Sapporo, Japan. In light of its G20 chairmanship, India was also…
18 April, 2023
Climate Change
International Mother Language Day Every year, International Mother Tongue Day is observed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to encourage mother tongue-based multilingual education. It was discovered on February 21, 2023, World Mother Language Day, that India is losing many of its languages as a result of modernization and globalisation, mainly because of the lack of education. "Multilingual education - a must to transform education" is the theme for 2023. Background and History: The concept of International Mother Language Day originated in Bangladesh. The day (February 21) also honours Bangladesh's protracted battle to preserve…
21 February, 2023
U.N Related
Tenth NPT Review Conference Recently, because of Russia's disagreement, the Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference that was held in New York came to a close without adopting a meaningful conclusion. Nuclear Proliferation Treaty The NPT is a global agreement whose main goals are to promote the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and their technology, promote the non-proliferation of nuclear energy, and advance the cause of disarmament. The agreement was concluded in 1968, and it became operative in 1970. It currently has 191 member countries. India is not a participant. In exchange for access to nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, it requires nations…
10 September, 2022
NPT
UNSC Resolutions 2593 Despite the abstention of two “P5” countries — Russia and China — from the India-led United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2593, the Government of India said it was a “matter of satisfaction” that the resolution addressed India’s “key concerns” on Afghanistan. P5 refers to the five permanent members of the UNSC — China, France, Russia, the U.K. and the U.S. According to official sources, the UNSC Resolution 2593, which called on the Taliban to keep their commitments to preventing terror groups in Afghanistan and urged them to assist in the safe evacuations of all Afghan nationals wishing…
01 September, 2021
U.N Related
United Nations Security Council (UNSC) About UNSC United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six main organs of the United Nations established by the UN Charter. Article 23 of the UN Charter concerns the composition of the UNSC. The other 5 organs of the UN are—the General Assembly, the Trusteeship Council, the Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat. The UNSC has been given primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security and may meet whenever peace is threatened. While other organs of the UN make recommendations to member states, only the Security…
01 September, 2021
U.N Related
North Korea may have resumed Nuclear reactor: IAEA Nuclear-armed North Korea appears to have restarted its plutonium-producing reprocessing reactor in a “deeply troubling” development, the UN atomic agency has said, a possible sign Pyongyang is expanding its banned weapons programme. The development on the 5-megawatt reactor in Yongbyon — North Korea’s main nuclear complex — comes with nuclear talks between Pyongyang and Washington at a standstill. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un offered to dismantle part of the Yongbyon complex at a second summit with then U.S. President Donald Trump but not other sites, in exchange for sanctions relief, and his…
31 August, 2021
Nuclear disarmament
9 European countries gave recognition to Covishield for the Green pass Nine European countries have given recognition to the Covishield vaccine produced by the Serum Institute of India (SII). European Union (EU) started the “Green Pass” facility, which will allow people vaccinated with an authorised set of vaccines to travel within its zone, covering 27 countries. The nine countries’ move is a “national” move by them and not by the EU, headquartered in Brussels. The EU member-states that have recognised Covishield include Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Greece, Iceland, Ireland and Spain. Estonia has confirmed that it would recognise all the vaccines…
02 July, 2021
European union
Issue of Green Pass with European Union India took issue with the European Union’s plans to institute a “green pass” from July 1, with government sources warning that India will introduce a “reciprocal policy” only allowing ease of travel for those European countries that recognise Indian vaccines Covishield and Covaxin. The African Union had also issued a letter of protest over the EU proposal saying that it promoted “inequality” for those from India and “lower-income” countries for whom the Covishield vaccine was the “backbone” of the international COVAX alliance programme. Those vaccinated with Covishield, the version of the AstraZeneca vaccine…
01 July, 2021
European union
Antonio Guterres is the UNSC General Secretary for a second term The United Nations Security Council on Tuesday approved Secretary-General Antonio Guterres for a second term, with conflict resolution set to top his agenda at the world body’s helm. The 72-year-old former Prime Minister of Portugal has held office since 2017 and faced no competition for the next term in the job. During a brief closed-door session the Security Council voted unanimously to recommend that the General Assembly give Mr Guterres another term, said the council’s current President, Estonian ambassador Sven Jurgenson. Approval from the General Assembly is seen as…
09 June, 2021
U.N Related
Agni-P (Prime) missile A new-generation nuclear-capable ballistic missile, Agni-P (Prime) was successfully test-fired by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). The test was conducted at 10.55 a.m. from the Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam island, Balasore, off the coast of Odisha. Agni-P is a new-generation advanced variant of the Agni class of missiles. It is a canisters missile with a range capability between 1,000 and 2,000 km. Explaining the differences from the earlier Agni class of missiles, a DRDO official said Agni-P had improved parameters, including manoeuvring and accuracy. Canisterisation of missiles reduces the time required to launch the missile…
19 December, 2021
Nuclear weapons
Maldives Foreign Minister Abdulla Shahid is the President of UNGA for 2021-22 In a first for the Maldives, Foreign Minister Abdulla Shahid was elected the President of the UN General Assembly for 2021-22, winning 143 votes or nearly three-fourths of the 191 countries that voted in the annual election, while his rival, former Afghanistan Foreign Minister Zalmai Rassoul, won 48. Mr Shahid’s win was welcomed in particular in New Delhi, where Indian diplomats had been active behind the scenes in helping the Maldives canvass for him after the Maldives announced its candidate for the 76th General Assembly Presidency a year…
08 June, 2021
U.N Related
DRDO test fires Agni P missile Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully flight tested a New Generation Nuclear Capable Ballistic Missile Agni P from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam island off the coast of Odisha, Balasore at 1055 hrs on June 28, 2021. Various telemetry and radar stations positioned along the eastern coast tracked and monitored the missile. The missile followed a textbook trajectory, meeting all mission objectives with a high level of accuracy. Agni P is a new generation advanced variant of the Agni class of missiles. It is a canisters missile with a range capability between 1,000 and…
07 June, 2021
Nuclear weapons
OPCW (Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons) Not under UN. Independent, autonomous body having a working relationship with UN. It implements the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1997. It prohibits Developing, producing, acquiring, stockpiling or retaining Chemical Weapons. Direct or indirect transfer. Use or military prepare for use. Assisting, encouraging, and inducing other states in engaging in such acts. Use of riot control agents as a method of warfare. It has got Nobel Peace Prize.
05 June, 2021
Weapons of Mass Destruction
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. IAEA’s genesis was U.S. President Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” address to the United Nations General Assembly in 1953. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization in 1957 and was not under the direct control of the UN. But it reports to both the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and United Nations Security Council (UNSC). Though established independently of the United Nations through its…
21 June, 2021
Nuclear weapons
Nuclear Arm Race-Compliance Report and Nuclear treaties Nuclear Treaties With the voluntarily increasing of Nuclear Weapons in the world, the threat and the irreparable damage of their use brought the consideration of world leaders into it. The leaders of the world have come forward to bring various treaties to curb its proliferation and future use. The IAEA promotes adherence to and implementation of the International legal instruments on Nuclear Safety adopted under its auspices. This includes the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management,…
20 June, 2021
Nuclear disarmament
China, India, Pak. expanding nuclear arsenal China is in the middle of significant modernisation and expansion of its nuclear weapon inventory, and India and Pakistan also appear to be expanding their nuclear arsenals, according to the Swedish think tank Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) Year Book 2021. The overall number of warheads in global military stockpiles now appears to be increasing, a worrisome sign that the declining trend that has characterised global nuclear arsenals since the end of the Cold War has stalled. According to the yearbook, India possessed an estimated 156 nuclear warheads at the start of 2021,…
15 June, 2021
Nuclear weapons
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA): Iran Nuclear Deal What is JCPOA? About Iran nuclear deal? Iran agreed to rein in its nuclear programme in a 2015 deal struck with the US, UK, Russia, China, France and Germany. Under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPoA) Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy water, all key components for nuclear weapons. The JCPOA established the Joint Commission, with the negotiating parties all represented, to monitor implementation of the agreement. Why did Iran agree to the deal? It had been hit with devastating economic sanctions by the United Nations, United States and the European Union that…
08 May, 2021
Nuclear disarmament
Iran to enrich Uranium to 60%, the highest ever What is JCPOA? About Iran nuclear deal? Iran agreed to rein in its nuclear programme in a 2015 deal struck with the US, UK, Russia, China, France and Germany. Under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPoA) Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy water, all key components for nuclear weapons. The JCPOA established the Joint Commission, with the negotiating parties all represented, to monitor implementation of the agreement. Why did Iran agree to the deal? It had been hit with devastating economic sanctions by the United Nations, United States and the European Union that…
07 April, 2021
Nuclear disarmament
The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) Background The idea behind the CDRI was announced by Mr Modi in 2016 at the Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (AMCDRR). The CDRI was launched by Prime Minister Modi in September 2019 at the UN Climate Action Summit. There, he declared India’s intention to work with partner countries and important stakeholders to create a coalition to work towards the ambition of improving the disaster resilience of infrastructure. What is CDRI? The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) is a partnership of national governments, UN agencies and programmes, multilateral development banks and…
18 March, 2021
Climate Change
Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure CDRI is to be seen as an international knowledge platform. Here, countries can collaborate to make their existing and new infrastructure strong enough to withstand natural disasters. It tries to bring countries together to share and learn from one another’s experiences to protect their infrastructure against disasters. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is operating as the interim secretariat of CDRI as of now. It is headquartered at Gurugram, India.
13 February, 2021
Climate Change
USA extends the New START nuclear treaty with Russia U.S. President Joe Biden’s administration extended the New START nuclear treaty with Russia by five years, saying it hoped to prevent an arms race despite rising tensions with Moscow. “President Biden pledged to keep the American people safe from nuclear threats by restoring U.S. leadership on arms control and nonproliferation,” Mr Blinken said in a statement. “The United States is committed to effective arms control that enhances stability, transparency and predictability while reducing the risks of costly, dangerous arms races.” Russian President Vladimir Putin signed off on legislation extending the accord,…
04 February, 2021
Nuclear disarmament
TIR Convention India became the 71st country to ratify the United Nations TIR (Transports Internationaux Routiers) Convention. TIR Convention is an international transit system under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). It came into force in 1975. The TIR Convention facilitates the international carriage of goods from one or more customs offices of departure to one or more customs offices of destination (up to a total of four customs offices departure and destination) and through as many countries as necessary. It would enable India to move goods seamlessly along the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) and also…
14 May, 2020
Road
BIO International Convention The BIO International Convention is hosted by the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO). India is represented by the Minister of State for Science and Technology and Earth Sciences. The key benefits of attending the BIO International Convention are access to global biotech and pharma leaders via BIO One-on-One Partnering, exposure to industry thought-leaders and networking opportunities. BIO is the largest trade organization in the world that represents the biotechnology industry. The organization was founded in 1993 and its members include companies that make Pharmaceutical drugs, biofuels, industrial enzymes, and genetically modified crops. The Biotechnology Heritage Award is presented annually at…
14 May, 2020
Climate Change
Bioterrorism or Biological Attack Part of: GS-II- International issues (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of several world powers in the event of the use of biological weapons against them by rogue states and terrorist groups. The United States, Britain and the Soviet Union were involved in developing complex biological weapons programs after World War II and several nations continue to do so currently as well. Bioterrorism or Biological Attack: It is the intentional release of viruses, bacteria, or other germs that can sicken or kill people, livestock or crops. Biological Weapons: They use microorganisms and natural toxins to produce disease in humans, animals, or plants.…
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty and the USA Part of: GS-II- Nuclear disarmament (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) U.S. President Donald Trump declared that the U.S. is quitting the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, a bilateral agreement with Russia signed in 1987. The decision was not unexpected since the U.S. has long maintained that Russia has been violating the treaty and Mr Trump has been critical of arms control agreements because, according to him, other countries cheat putting the U.S. at a disadvantage. Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty: The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty, formally Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their…
27 April, 2020
Nuclear disarmament
India’s Entry into NSG Part of: GS-II- International treaties (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) Recently the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) also known as P5 countries (China, France, Russia, Britain and the US) - have concluded their meetings to discuss issues related to nuclear disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. China has said that India must sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to gain entry into Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). Earlier, after India applied for the NSG membership, Pakistan too applied for the same following which China, a close ally of Pakistan, called for a two-step approach which states that NSG members first need to arrive at a set of principles for the admission of…
27 April, 2020
Weapons of Mass Destruction
Nuclear Arm Race-Compliance Report and Nuclear treaties Part of: GS-II- International treaties (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) In News: 2020 Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Disarmament Compliance ReportThe Trump Administration just released its “Executive Summary of Findings on Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments,” also known as the Compliance Report. As directed by Congress, the Department of State is required to provide an annual report on “the status of United States policy and actions with respect to arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament.” An unclassified report (with classified annexes, as necessary) must be submitted to Congress by April 15 each year.…
27 April, 2020
Nuclear disarmament
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