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Monthly DNA
Launch of “Alliance for Global Good- Gender Equity and Equality” by India at World Economic Forum, Annual Meeting Davos, 15-19 January, 2024 Shri Narendra Modi’s “Women-led Development” agenda resonates globally at the WEF 2024, with committed support from WEF and over 10,000 businesses worldwide WEF hails India’s inclusive and remarkable growth story under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and compliments the Indian government for its philosophy of “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas” Key Highlights? The alliance is a response to the G20 Summit 2023 Leaders' Declaration and India's commitment to women-led development. It seeks to build on the…
01 February, 2024
Major International Organizations
The Non-Aligned Movement was formed during the Cold War as an organization of States that did not seek to formally align themselves with either the United States or the Soviet Union, but sought to remain independent or neutral. The basic concept for the group originated in 1955 during discussions that took place at the Asia-Africa Bandung Conference held in Indonesia. The first NAM Summit Conference took place in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in September 1961. It has 120 members as on April 2018 comprising 53 countries from Africa, 39 from Asia, 26 from Latin America and the Caribbean and 2 from Europe (Belarus, Azerbaijan). There are 17 countries and 10…
01 February, 2024
Major International Organizations
South Africa has moved the International Court of Justice (ICJ), invoking the Genocide Convention, 1948, against Israel accusing it of committing genocide during its ongoing military campaign in Gaza. What is ICJ? World’s court- It is the principal judicial organ of United Nations it is the only principal organ of UN to be not located in New York. Composition-ICJ is composed of 15 judges elected to 9-year terms of office by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) and the Security Council. Of the 15 judges, it is mandated that - Judges Countries 3 Africa 2 Latin America and the Caribbean 3 Asia 5 Western Europe and other states 2…
30 January, 2024
United Nation
South Africa has moved the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to declare that the Israel was in breach of its obligations under the 1948 Genocide Convention. The convention was officially called as the UN’s Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. It is an instrument of international law that codified for the first time the crime of genocide in 1948. The Convention calls on all States to maintain vigilance, and push for action to prevent genocide, everywhere. According to the convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy a national, ethnical, racial or…
05 January, 2024
Major International Organizations
Argentina formally rejects BRICS membership recently. BRICS made up of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa announced it was admitting 6 new members in a bid to counter the Western-led global order. The membership of Argentina, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates was due to take effect from January 1, 2024.
31 December, 2023
BRICS
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was established on December, 1950 by the United Nations General Assembly. The agency is mandated to lead and co-ordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide. Its primary purpose is to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. It also has a mandate to help stateless people. It is headquartered at Geneva, Switzerland.
30 December, 2023
United Nation
The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was established in the 1997 Bangkok Declaration with a secretariat in Dhaka. Its members lie in the littoral and adjacent areas of the Bay of Bengal constituting a contiguous regional unity. BIMSTEC not only connects South and Southeast Asia, but also the ecologies of the Great Himalayas and the Bay of Bengal. It mainly aims to create an enabling environment for rapid economic development; accelerate social progress; and promote collaboration on matters of common interest in the region. BIMSTEC Member Countries Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Nepal…
28 December, 2023
BIMSTEC
Recently, the 4th edition of Global Study on Homicide Report was released. Published by – United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Objective - To reveal into the facts behind the violence, to try and identify notable trends and to inform policies and solutions. Data source - Updated UNODC homicide statistics dataset. UN Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS) is conducted annually to collect data from UN member nations along with other pertinent data sources. Covers 3 categories – Homicides related to criminal activities, interpersonal homicides, and socio-politically motivated homicides. 2023 Report – It highlights regional and sub-regional trends, demographics,…
27 December, 2023
United Nation
The World Bank’s latest Migration and Development Brief highlights India’s significant position as the top remittance recipient, drawing attention to the evolving dynamics in the remittance landscape. The latest Migration and Development Brief reveals a continuing growth in remittance flows to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in 2023, albeit at a slower pace compared to previous years. The brief is a biannual report. Prepared by – The Migration and Remittances Unit, Development Economics (DEC). the premier research and data arm of the World Bank. Released by – World Bank. Objectives – To provide the information about migration and remittance flows and related policies over the past 6 months and…
26 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
The report is released by World Bank recently. Recent Findings – Currently, about 60% of low-income countries are at high risk of debt distress. Debt-service payments, which include principal and interest, increased by 5% over the previous year for all developing countries. The 75 countries eligible to borrow from the World Bank’s International Development Association, which supports the poorest countries in 2022.
19 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
The African-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO) is an intergovernmental organization that aims to improve rural areas in Asian and African countries. It is an autonomous organization established in 1962, headquartered in New Delhi. It's one of the earliest examples of South-South cooperation in rural development.
14 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
Recently, the 4th edition of Global Study on Homicide Report was released. Published by – United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Objective - To reveal into the facts behind the violence, to try and identify notable trends and to inform policies and solutions. Data source - Updated UNODC homicide statistics dataset. UN Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS) is conducted annually to collect data from UN member nations along with other pertinent data sources. Covers 3 categories – Homicides related to criminal activities, interpersonal homicides, and socio-politically motivated homicides. 2023 Report – It highlights regional and sub-regional trends, demographics,…
24 December, 2023
United Nation
The US vetoed a resolution of the UN Security Council (UNSC) that called for a Gaza ceasefire. All member countries of the UN are part of the General Assembly (UNGA) which can pass resolutions on relevant matters. Only a simple majority (of more than half the members) is required to pass its resolutions. UN Security Council (UNSC) - It consists 15 members. United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia and China are the permanent members of UNSC and called as P5 countries. Based on UNGA elections, the 10 additional members are elected for 2 years each. In 1965, the number of non-permanent UNSC…
23 December, 2023
United Nation
India’s Uma Sekhar was elected to governing council of the Rome-based UNIDROIT. It was set up in 1926 as an auxiliary organ of the League of Nations. Following the demise of the League, it was re-established in 1940 based on a multilateral agreement, the UNIDROIT Statute. The UNIDROIT is an independent intergovernmental organisation. It deals with various legal issues including studying needs and methods for modernizing commercial and private laws. Membership of UNIDROIT is restricted to States acceding to the UNIDROIT Statute. UNIDROIT’s 65 Member States are drawn from the five continents and represent a variety of different legal, economic and…
19 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
India joins Executive Committee of Codex Alimentarius Commission during its 46th meeting being held at Food and Agriculture Organization Headquarters at Rome. CAC is an international body that sets food standards established in 1963 by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The CAC's goals are to protect consumer health and ensure fair food trade practices. It has 189 members. The CAC is part of the joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme.
05 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
The 4th edition of the annual ASEAN India Grassroots Innovation Forum (AIGIF) for 2023 took place in Langkawi, Malaysia recently. The AIGIF is an annual program that focuses on strengthening the relationship between India and ASEAN Member States (AMS) in the fields of Science, Technology, and Innovation. 2 grassroots innovators and 1 student innovator from India won prizes in the grassroots innovation and student innovation competition respectively.
05 December, 2023
ASEAN
India, re-elected to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Council recently. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a United Nations agency that regulates shipping. HQ- London, England. The IMO was established in 1948 at a UN conference in Geneva. It currently has 174 Member States. The IMO was prompted to take action on marine pollution prevention and response by major oil pollution incidents.
04 December, 2023
Major International Organizations
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has voted to end its political mission dedicated to ending the civil war in Sudan. The liquidation of UNITAMS will begin on March 1, 2024. The United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in Sudan (UNITAMS) was established in June 2020. The mission’s mandate was extended in 2021 and 2022. UNITAMS supports the promotion and protection of human rights.
02 December, 2023
United Nation
Amid Israel’s ongoing military attacks on the Gaza Strip, United Nations (UN) has invoked Article 99 of the UN Charter in a bid to establish a ceasefire. It has been invoked for the 1st time in decades as Israel attacks Gaza. Article 99 - “The Secretary-General may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security.” It is seen as a discretionary power of the Secretary-General. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) comprises 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members appointed for specific periods. On a rotational basis, each of these 15 countries holds the presidency for a…
07 December, 2023
United Nation
India becomes Chair of International Sugar Organization (ISO) for 2024 to lead global sugar sector. ISO is an intergovernmental organization with 90 member countries, based in London, which was established by the International Sugar Agreement of 1968, as the body responsible for administering the Agreement. ISO represents (based on data for 2022) - 87% of world sugar production, 64% of world sugar consumption, 34% of world imports, 92% of world exports. India is the largest consumer and 2nd largest producer of sugar, 3rd largest country in the world in ethanol production after USA and Brazil.
24 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
I2U2is a strategic partnership between four countries: India, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States. The group's goal is to work together on global challenges and economic opportunities.
22 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
India recently hosts the 33rd Conference of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Regional Commission for Asia and the Pacific at New Delhi. WOAH is an intergovernmental Organization working across borders to improve the health of animals. WHOA is headquartered in Paris and has 182 Members including India. WHOA has adopted its Seventh Strategic Plan for 2021 - 2025.
14 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina’s daughter, Saima Wazed, was nominated as the next Regional Director for the World Health Organization’s South-East Asia region recently. The nomination will be submitted to the WHO Executive Board during its 154th session, which is scheduled to take place on January 22-27 in Geneva, Switzerland. WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia Region (SEARO) Member countries Bangladesh, Bhutan, DPR (North) Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Timor-Leste, Myanmar.
04 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
India hosts the 2nd Voice of Global South Summit (VOGSS) in a virtual format in 2023 and have inaugurated a global centre for excellence for the Global South countries called DAKSHIN. The term Global South is not geographical and it refers to the developing and the less-developed countries of the world. It have been 1st used in 1969 by political activist Carl Oglesby. India launched 1st VOGSS virtually in January, 2023 in the wake of its G20 presidency. Objective - To make the development of the people, by the people and for the people, the focus of India’s G20 presidency (2023) 2nd VOGSS – A platform to discuss ways…
17 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
Recently, the 5th edition of “Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue 2023” (IPRD-2023), 3-day annual apex-level regional strategic dialogue of the Indian Navy commenced in New Delhi. It is an apex-level international annual conference of the Indian Navy at the strategic-level, addressing maritime security issues across the Indo-Pacific. Meeting – Previously 4 editions of IPRD has been completed (2018, 2019, 2021-online, 2022). Organised by – The Indian Navy in association with the National Maritime Foundation as its knowledge partner. Objectives To review maritime trends within the Indo-Pacific region, the regional opportunities and associated challenges. To foster the exchange of solution-oriented dialogue amongst key stakeholders. Theme of IPRD-2023 – Geopolitical Impacts upon Indo-Pacific Maritime Trade and…
13 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
Indonesia is hosting the 10th Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus) at Jakarta in 2023 as the chair of ADMM-Plus. ADMM – It is the highest defence consultative and cooperative mechanism in ASEAN. ADMM-Plus – It is a platform for the ASEAN member-states and its 8 dialogue partners collectively called as ‘Plus Countries’. Plus Countries of ADMM-Plus were India, U.S., China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. India became the dialogue partner of the ASEAN in 1992. Meeting – 1st edition was held in Hanoi (Capital of Vietnam) in 2010 and it is held annually since 2017. Objectives - To enhance regional peace…
12 November, 2023
ASEAN
USA hosts Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) grouping meeting in November 2023 which will conclude with the Economic Leaders’ Retreat ceremony. It is a regional economic forum to leverage the growing interdependence of the Asia-Pacific. Established in – 1989 Aim – To create greater prosperity for the people of the region by promoting balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative and secure growth and by accelerating regional economic integration. Secretariat – It is based in Singapore. Membership – 21 members which are termed as “economies” because trade and economic issues are the focus of the grouping. India is not a member but India made a formal request in 1991 to…
10 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
UNESCO has published the new list of 55 creative cities on World Cities Day (Oct 31st), in which 2 Indian cities Kozhikode and Gwalior were included UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) Launch Year 2004 Eligibility UNESCO’s member states and associate members Updation Time Once every 2 years Total Cities (2023) 350 in more than 100 countries Objective - It aims to strengthen cultural activities, goods, services and international cooperation for sustainable development. UN Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) aims for Sustainable Cities and Communities. 7 Creative Fields of UCCN Indian Cities in UCCN Crafts and Folk Arts Jaipur (2015), Srinagar (2021) Design - Film…
01 November, 2023
Major International Organizations
Nuclear Power Plant The director of the International Atomic Energy Agency went to the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. About The Largest Nuclear power Plant in Europe is located in Zaporizhzhia, a significant town in Southeast Ukraine. The distance between it and the nuclear plant is around 40 kilometers. Six reactors make up the nuclear power station in Zaporizhzhia, which generates a total of 5,700 MW of electricity. 15 reactors are housed within the four nuclear power plants in Ukraine. In Ukraine, nuclear energy provides nearly half of the country's energy needs. As a non-nuclear weapon state, Ukraine is a signatory…
01 April, 2023
United Nation
Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Russia's membership in the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has recently been suspended as a result of its illegitimate invasion of Ukraine. Highlight: The FATF has extended its sympathies to the Ukrainian people who have "faced a tremendous weight" as a result of Russia's "aggression war". In this context, the suspension of Russian membership appears to be due to its flagrant disregard for the FATF members' commitment to international collaboration and respect. The FATF has urged all governments to be on the lookout for dangers to the integrity, safety, and security of the global financial…
04 March, 2023
Financial Action Task Force
World Bank Ajay Banga, an Indian American business executive, was recently proposed by the US President for the position of World Bank president. He will be the first Indian-American to lead either of the two largest International Financial Organizations, the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund (IMF) if he is confirmed by the World Bank Board of Directors. About World Bank: The World Bank Group is a global alliance of 189 nations and its five founding institutions that seeks to end poverty and promote prosperity. The five organizations for development that make up the World Bank Group are: International…
02 March, 2023
Major International Organizations
Jaipur Declaration The Jaipur Declaration was adopted at the conclusion of the 18th UIC World Security Conference, which was jointly organised by the International Union of Railways (UIC) and Railway Protection Force (RPF). More on the news: The Jaipur Declaration" lays forth a concrete plan of action for UIC to investigate cutting-edge strategies that can assist international railroad organizations to realize their long-term objective of safety and security. By also completely activating the regional assemblies for Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Africa by 2025, it demonstrated UIC's commitment to work towards providing a more secure and safe rail network around the…
01 March, 2023
Major International Organizations
United Nations Security Council Membership The UN Security Council is paralyzed, does not reflect contemporary circumstances, and is unable to carry out its fundamental duty of sustaining global peace and security, according to UNGA President Csaba Korosi. Russia, a permanent member of the UN with a veto, attacked Ukraine. Russia has exercised its veto over UNSC resolutions pertaining to Ukraine and voted against a UNGA resolution urging nations not to recognize the four regions of Ukraine that Russia has annexed. Important things about United Nations Security Council In 1945, the UN Charter created the Security Council. It is one of the…
04 February, 2023
United Nation
Paris Club The Paris Club is probably going to provide the IMF with financial guarantees on the Sri Lankan debt. More on the news: A loose association of predominantly western creditor nations, the Paris Club. It evolved from a gathering of Argentina's public creditors held in Paris in 1956. Finding long-term debt relief options for nations unable to pay back bilateral loans is its main goal. Members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation (OECD) and Development is also a member of the Paris Club. The following countries are members: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Netherlands,…
03 February, 2023
IMF
SCO Film Festival A lavish opening ceremony featuring a star-studded lineup and a vibrant cultural evening showcasing the diversity of India marked the start of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Film Festival. SCO Film Festival gives unique opportunities and tremendous potential for filmmakers to network, pitch, collaborate, and experience the finest from the world of cinema. More on the news: The SCO Film Festival is being held to commemorate India's SCO Presidency. Official Language: The SCO Film Festival Mumbai will be held in Russian and Chinese, the official languages of the SCO. Since the festival is being held in India,…
30 January, 2023
SCO
Indian Women Peacekeeping Forces As a member of the Indian Battalion in the United Nations Interim Security Force, India sent a battalion of female soldiers to Abyei, which is located on the border between Sudan and South Sudan. UN peacekeeping: What is it? When the UN Security Council approved the dispatch of UN military observers to the Middle East in 1948, UN peacekeeping officially got underway. UN peacekeeping aids nations in negotiating the perilous transition from war to peace. In order to carry out a variety of mandates established by the UN Security Council (UNSC) and the General Assembly, it…
06 January, 2023
United Nation
9th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus The Indian Defence Minister recently attended the 9th ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting (ADMM) Plus in Siem Reap, Cambodia. What are the main points of India's speech? Terrorism: India has called for immediate and resolute global efforts to combat transnational and cross-border terrorism, describing it as the most serious threat to regional and global security. Other Security Concerns: India raised other security concerns arising from the global Covid-19 pandemic, such as energy and food security, at the forum. On Maritime Security, India advocates for a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region and calls for…
01 December, 2022
ASEAN
About G-20 Summit 2022, in Egypt The Indonesian G20 presidency recently hosted the 17th annual G-20 conference in Bali with the motto "Recover Together, Recover Stronger." As of right now, India is in charge of the G20 presidency, and the 18th summit will take place there in 2023. What were the Summit's results? Russian aggression is condemned: Member nations agreed on a statement condemning Russia's aggression in Ukraine "in the strongest terms" and calling for an immediate and complete withdrawal. They acknowledged that although the majority of members had expressed their opposition to the war in Ukraine, "there were alternative…
23 November, 2022
Major International Organizations
Pakistan is off FATF's Grey List Pakistan was recently removed from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), the global watchdog on terror financing and money laundering. Pakistan has been on the FATF grey list since June 2018. About FATF decided unanimously that Pakistan had met all substantial, technical, and procedural requirements of both the 2018 and 2021 action plans, and as a result, Pakistan was removed from the list of jurisdictions subject to increased monitoring with immediate effect. About Financial Action Task Force (FATF) It was established in 1989 at the G7 Summit in Paris. Aim: To close gaps in…
25 October, 2022
Financial Action Task Force
UN’s 77th Anniversary The world recently celebrated the 77th anniversary of the United Nations (UN) on October 24, 2022. About United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an international organisation that was established in 1945. It currently has 193 member countries. Its mission and work are guided by the goals and principles outlined in its founding Charter, which are carried out by its various organs and specialised agencies. Maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development, and upholding international law are among its activities. History: The International Peace Conference was held in The Hague…
24 October, 2022
United Nation
About UN Peacekeeping Forces The number of UN Peacekeeping Forces (UNPKF) fatalities from direct attacks is rising, according to the UN Undersecretary General. Strong recommendations for improved education, tools, and technology were made. UN Peacekeeping Forces: What are they? The UN Peacekeeping Forces were founded in 1948 when the UN Security Council approved the sending of military observers to the Middle East. Nations are helped by UN peacekeeping personnel as they negotiate the risky change from conflict to peace. It sends out military, police, and civilian peacekeepers from all over the world to execute a number of missions authorised by…
10 October, 2022
United Nation
Group of Four (G4) on UNSC Reform Under the auspices of The Group of Four (G4), the External Affairs Minister of India met with his counterparts from Brazil, Germany, and Japan. Details about the news G4 discussed concerns pertaining to the UN Security Council reform during a meeting that took place alongside the 77th session of the UNGA (UNSC). The UNSC reform and G4 members' permanent participation in the body are the group's main areas of interest. Who are the G-4 countries, or the Group of Four? Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan make up the G4, a group that aspires…
26 September, 2022
United Nation
47th AIBD Annual Gathering The prestigious Asia-Pacific Institute of Broadcasting Development (AIBD) has extended India's presidency for an additional year. At the two-day General Conference of the Institute held in New Delhi, the member nations of the AIBD unanimously decided this. What is AIBD, or the Asia-Pacific Institute of Broadcasting Development? The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was the umbrella organization when the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD) was founded in 1977. It is a distinctive regional intergovernmental organisation that provides support to nations that are members of the UN-ESCAP (United Nations Economic and Social Commission…
21 September, 2022
Major International Organizations
Reforms in United Nations At the Moscow Conference on International Security-2022's plenary session recently, the defence minister pushed for UN reforms. About General Assembly and United Nations Security Council General Assembly In addition to the Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and UN Secretariat, it is one of the six main institutions of the UN. It is sometimes referred to as the United Nations Organization's parliament. A two-thirds majority is required to adopt some decisions, including those regarding the budget, membership expansion, and peace and security. Other choices merely need a simple majority to…
18 August, 2022
United Nation
EXTERNAL SECTOR REPORT 2022: IMF The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has released its 2022 External Sector Report and advises India to roll back stimulus packages gradually. Highlight of report Fiscal and monetary policy stimulus The International Monetary Fund (IMF) advised India to progressively reduce monetary and fiscal policy support. Governmental intervention to promote private sector economic activity through the use of focused, expansionary monetary or fiscal policy is known as "economic stimulus." Central banks often implement monetary policy, which is largely concerned with managing interest rates and the total amount of money in circulation. The word "fiscal policy" refers to a government's…
06 August, 2022
IMF
INTERPOL’S ICSE INITIATIVE India’s Central Bureau of Investigation has joined Interpol’s International Child Sexual Exploitation (ICSE) initiative. International Child Sexual Exploitation database The ICSE database uses video and image comparison to analyze the Child Sex Exploitation Material (CSEM) and make connections between the victims, abusers, and places. The database avoids duplication of effort and saves precious time by letting investigators know whether a series of images have already been discovered or identified in another country, or whether it has similar features to other images. The image and video databases are intelligence and investigative tool, which allows specialized investigators to share…
21 July, 2022
Major International Organizations
SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION Iran and Belarus could soon become the newest member of the China and Russia-backed Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the upcoming Samarkand summit to be held in September 2022. Also, Varanasi has been selected as the SCO region's first "Tourism and Cultural Capital" for 2022- 2023. What is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)? Founded in the year 2001, it was built on the “Shanghai Five”, the grouping which consisted of Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. They came together in the post-Soviet era in 1996, to work on regional security, reduction of border troops, and terrorism. In 2001,…
19 July, 2022
SCO
12TH WTO MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE The 12th Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) concluded, recently in Geneva. The main areas of discussion were: WTO’s response to the pandemic. Fisheries subsidies negotiations. Agriculture issues including Public Stockholding for Food Security. WTO Reforms and Moratorium on Customs Duties on Electronic Transmission. The 164-member of World Trade Organization held its first ministerial conference in nearly five years, due to Covid-19 postponements. Key Outcomes of the 12th Ministerial Conference. WTO Reform Members confirm the foundational principles of the WTO and stick to an open and inclusive process to reform all its functions, from…
22 June, 2022
WTO
FINANCIAL ACTION TASK FORCE Pakistan got a respite from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) as FATF announced that the country could be removed from the grey list. FATF is going to decide whether to take Pakistan off the ‘grey’ list at the end of its plenary session in Berlin in October. Pakistan has been on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) grey list since June 2018. WHAT IS FATF It is an inter-governmental body that frames international standards seeking to prevent international financial crimes that aid terrorism. It was established in July 1989 by a G-7 Summit in Paris,…
20 June, 2022
Financial Action Task Force
What is World Economic Forum-UPSC Analysis? World Economic Forum is a Swiss non-profit foundation established in 1971 based in Geneva, Switzerland. Recognized by the Swiss authorities as an international institution for public-private cooperation. World Economic Forum engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Founder and Executive Chairman – Klaus Schwab. Reports of World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report: Monitors on the set of 12 categories called 'pillars of competitiveness' institutions, infrastructure, macroeconomic environment, health and primary education, higher education and training, goods market efficiency, labour market efficiency, financial market development, technological readiness, market…
17 January, 2022
Major International Organizations
G-20 analysis Context: This topic is important for UPSE GS Paper 2. The G20 summit in Rome agreed to end international public finance for new coal power generation abroad by 2021-end and mobilise funds to support low emission power development to achieve ‘climate goals .Let’s understand G20 in detail. About the G20 The G20 is the international forum that brings together the world’s major economies. Its members account for more than 80% of world GDP, 75% of global trade and 60% of the population of the planet. The forum has met every year since 1999 and includes, since 2008, a…
02 November, 2021
International Organizations
WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) WIPO has its origins in the United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property (BIRPI) which was established in 1893. It is a UN specialized agency created in 1967 to promote IP protection and encourage creative activity all over the World. Headquarters of WIPO is in Geneva - Switzerland. India joined in 1975. WIPO is basically a global forum for IP policy, services, information and cooperation. WIPO is a self-funded agency of the UN. It has 192 members. 4 Types of IP are Trade Secrets, Trademarks, Copyrights and Patents. Functions of WIPO To assist the development of campaigns that improve…
21 September, 2021
WIPO
SCO Exercise Peaceful Mission: 2021 The 6th Edition of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Exercise Peaceful Mission: 2021 was held today. It was hosted by Russia in the Orenburg Region of South West Russia. The aim of the exercise is to foster close relations between the SCO Member States and to enhance the abilities of the military leaders to command multinational military contingents. An Indian military contingent comprising of an all-arms combined force of 200 personnel from the Indian Army and Indian Air force is participating in the exercise. The Exercise Peaceful Mission: 2021 is based on joint counter-terrorism operations at…
21 September, 2021
SCO
Asian Development Bank (ADB) Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank established on 19 December 1966. The Headquarters of ADB is in the Ortigas Center located in the city of Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines. India is a founding member of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It aims to promote social and economic development in Asia and the Pacific. Members of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) The bank admits the members of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP, formerly the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East or ECAFE) and non-regional…
16 November, 2021
Major International Organizations
13th BRICS Summit 2021 Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi will chair the 13th BRICS Summit on 9 September 2021 in virtual format. The theme for the Summit is ‘BRICS@15: Intra-BRICS cooperation for continuity, consolidation and consensus’. India had outlined four priority areas for its Chairship. These are Reform of the Multilateral System, Counter Terrorism, Using Digital and Technological Tools for achieving SDGs and Enhancing People to People exchanges. In addition to these areas, the leaders will also exchange views on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and other current global and regional issues. This is the second time Prime Minister Modi…
10 September, 2021
BRICS
India at BRICS Digital Health Summit Digital Health has become the priority in wake of the COVID 19 Pandemic. The two waves presented us with unique challenges for which an effective and humane centralized response sensitive to regional needs was warranted. The Digital health was aptly utilized to manage the pandemic and enabled us for a much more scientific and data driven approach for strengthening our response. India’s National Digital Health Blueprint is an overarching architectural framework for digital initiatives of Health in India. We are implementing the recommendations for streamlining the digital health programmes through National Digital Health Mission…
04 September, 2021
BRICS
India – ASEAN Trade Union Minister of State for Commerce and Industry Ms Anupriya Patel today inaugurated the “India-ASEAN Engineering Partnership Summit” organised by the Engineering Exports Promotion Council (EEPC) with the support from the Ministry of External Affairs and the Department of Commerce. The focus of today’s summit is on collaborations in the engineering sector. The summit offers an important platform for engagement of Indian industry on India-ASEAN partnership in engineering trade and investments. This forum will also be instrumental in achieving the landmark export target set by the government both in terms of engineering as well as merchandise…
25 August, 2021
ASEAN
IBSA (India Brazil South Africa) Forum Why in news? India organized the IBSA Tourism Ministers’ Meeting to promote tourism cooperation among the member states and reviewed the intra IBSA Tourism cooperation. During virtual meeting, the Minister for Tourism, Shri G Kishan Reddy highlighted the aggressive vaccination programme of the Government of India which has completed over 500 million doses of vaccine, making it the 2nd largest country in the world. The Ministers emphasised the importance of domestic tourism in reigniting the tourism economy as it can prepare the domestic tourism industry for the arrival of international visitors. The IBSA Tourism…
14 August, 2021
IBSA
G20 climate summit About Group of 20, 1999 It is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the EU. Objectives: It deals with International Financial stability and all economic issues, especially Trade wars. It has 86% of Gross World Product (GWP) and 80% of World Trade. 2/3rd of World's population. Members = 19 countries + EU: USA, Canada, Mexico; Argentina + Brazil; EU + Germany + France + UK + Italy; South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Turkey; India; Indonesia; Australia; Russia, China, South Korea and Japan. Objectives G20 was formed with the aim of promoting…
25 July, 2021
Major International Organizations
BRICS networking of Telescopes The BRICS Astronomy Working Group has recommended networking of telescopes in member countries and creating a regional data network. Under the science, technology and innovation track of the BRICS 2021 calendar, India hosted the seventh meeting of BRICS Astronomy Working Group (BAWG) on online mode from May 19 and 20. Also present were astronomers from these countries. In the BAWG meeting, the delegates agreed to develop a flagship project in this area. It witnessed participation from all five BRICS countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa – with more than 50 participants, including researchers,…
23 May, 2021
BRICS
BRICS Joint Statement on Multilateralism The BRICS Foreign Ministers, at a virtual meet last week, put out a joint statement on multilateralism, in addition to the usual Ministers’ press statement. China’s Foreign Ministry on Monday said the idea behind the statement was to forge a common understanding among the BRICS countries when there were “so many different interpretations and definitions of multilateralism in the world”. Ironically, among the targets of Beijing’s recent attacks on what it calls “selective multilateralism” is the India-Australia-Japan-U.S. Quad grouping, which Chinese officials have repeatedly criticised. India, which is the BRICS chair this year and will…
09 June, 2021
BRICS
China hosts Foreign Ministers of 10 ASEAN Countries China is hosting Foreign Ministers from the 10 ASEAN countries, with Beijing pushing for closer economic cooperation and aligning COVID-19 recovery efforts even as it looks to push back against the recent regional outreach of the Quad grouping. Chinese officials have in recent weeks stepped up criticism of the Quad — the informal India, Australia, Japan and the United States grouping — and of Washington in particular. During recent visits to Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, China’s Defence Minister called on both countries to reject “military alliances” — a term that some Beijing…
08 June, 2021
ASEAN
G7 countries agree on a Uniform minimum Corporate Tax What is G-7 grouping? It is an intergovernmental organisation that was formed in 1975. The bloc meets annually to discuss issues of common interest like global economic governance, international security and energy policy. The G-7 does not have a formal constitution or a fixed headquarters. The decisions taken by leaders during annual summits are non-binding. G-7 is a bloc of industrialized democracies i.e. France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, and Canada. The G7 was known as the ‘G8’ for several years after the original seven were joined…
06 June, 2021
Major International Organizations
India’s ILO Chairpersonship comes to an end India has assumed the Chairmanship of the Governing Body of the International Labour Organization after a gap of 35 years. During India’s Chairmanship, the sessions of the Governing Body held in October 2020 and March 2021 and the 109th session of the International Labour Conference held in June 2021 were conducted through virtual mode. All new and innovative procedures for conducting these meetings were developed during his tenure. Shri Apurva Chandra chaired both the Governing Body sessions, one virtually and the other in person at Geneva. About ILO It was one of the…
26 June, 2021
ILO
Dushanbe 2021 SCO meet The event of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) will bring together leaders from eight SCO member states—India, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. National Security Adviser Ajit Doval is expected to attend a meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Dushanbe, Tajikistan next week, which Pakistan’s NSA Moeed Yusuf will attend as well.
20 June, 2021
SCO
What is G7? G7 is a Group of the 7 most advanced economies as per the International Monetary Fund. They are Canada, USA, UK, France, Germany, Italy and Japan. 47th G7 Summit 2021 The 47th G7 Summit is scheduled to be held between June 11 and 13, 2021 in the United Kingdom. It is the first physical G7 summit to be held in two years and will take place in Carbis Bay, Cornwall, the UK. The Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has also been invited to be a part of the Summit. The Objective of the 47th G7 Summit is…
14 June, 2021
Major International Organizations
G7 countries What is G-7 grouping? It is an intergovernmental organisation that was formed in 1975. The bloc meets annually to discuss issues of common interest like global economic governance, international security and energy policy. The G-7 does not have a formal constitution or a fixed headquarters. The decisions taken by leaders during annual summits are non-binding. G-7 is a bloc of industrialized democracies i.e. France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, and Canada. The G7 was known as the ‘G8’ for several years after the original seven were joined by Russia in 1997. The Group returned…
05 May, 2021
Major International Organizations
Lockdown Generation The International Labour Organization (ILO) termed the current young population as the ‘lockdown generation’ citing the massive impacts of the pandemic on them. The lockdown generation emerged, as young people constitute major victims of social and economic consequences of the pandemic, and there is a risk that they will be scarred throughout their working lives. According to ILO and various other estimates, during the pandemic, Some 90% of young people have reported increased mental anxiety, One in six young people worldwide has lost their jobs.
29 April, 2021
ILO
Global Youth Mobilization Initiative Launched by UN Recently, United Nations agencies, youth organisations, and WHO have come together to launch the Global Youth Mobilization initiative for local Solutions. About Global Youth Mobilization Initiative: World Health Organization and United Nations Foundation are supporting Global Youth Mobilization Initiative. It is also led by the world’s six largest youth organisations, including The World Alliance of Young Men’s Christian Associations World Young Women’s Christian Association World Organization of the Scout Movement World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies The Duke of Edinburgh’s International…
22 April, 2021
Major International Organizations
UN Food Systems Summit 2021 The Ministry of Agricultural and Farmers Welfare recently conducted a National Dialogue on UN Food Systems Summit, 2021. About UN Food Systems Summit,2021: The first-ever UN Food Systems Summit is expected to be held in September 2021. The summit will aim to strategize the actions for positive change in Agri-food systems in the world. It will help to realize the vision of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Summit will focus on levers and pathways to shape food systems nationally and globally. The summit will be held as part of the Decade of Action…
19 April, 2021
Major International Organizations
India contributes $300,000 to UN Women India recently announced the contribution of USD 300,000 to the UN Women to support gender equality and women empowerment. About UN Women: UN Women is the United Nations entity, dedicated to promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women. Headquartered in New York. Established in 2010 by the United Nations General Assembly to accelerate the progress in meeting women’s needs worldwide. It was formed by merging the four previously distinct parts of the UN system which are: Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW) International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women…
04 April, 2021
Major International Organizations
Earth Hour Day- Celebrated on March 27 Earth Hour Day was observed all over the world on March 27, 2021. About Earth Hour Earth Hour is a global movement for environmental conservation. The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) started it in 2007. It is an annual event, that takes place on the last Saturday of March. Millions of people in over 180 countries and territories participate in it by turning off their lights. It aims to call attention to global warming, loss of biodiversity, and climate change. During Earth Hour, people turn off their lights for an hour as a sign of…
28 March, 2021
Major International Organizations
PM thanked United Nations Institute for Training and Research United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) appreciated India’s progress in reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The Indian Prime Minister(PM) has thanked UNITAR in return. About United Nations Institute for Training and Research(UNITAR) United Nations Institute for Training and Research(UNITAR) is a dedicated training arm of the United Nations system. It was founded in 1963. UNITAR provides training and learning services to individuals, organizations and institutions. The services of UNITAR aim to enhance global decision-making and support country-level action for shaping a better future. UNITAR is operated as…
27 March, 2021
Major International Organizations
Al Ula Summit- Gulf Cooperation Council It is a regional political and economic alliance of 6 Gulf States i.e Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. HQ - Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Its aim is to achieve ever closer union between the energy-rich Gulf countries. Established in 1981 GCC promotes economic, security, cultural and social cooperation between the 6 states. Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, UAE and Egypt have imposed an air, land and sea blockade on Qatar since June 2017. The blockading countries have accused Qatar of supporting terrorism. Al-Ula Accord The Al-Ula Accord was signed on 5…
03 March, 2021
Major International Organizations
SAARC Summit It is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of nations in South Asia. Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka are its members. Its secretariat is based in Kathmandu, Nepal. It launched the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) in 2006. States with observer status include Australia, China, European Union, Iran, Japan, Mauritius, Myanmar, South Korea and United States. Pakistan was to host the Summit in 2016, but India had pulled out accusing Pakistan of supporting anti-India terrorist groups. COVID-19 & SAARC : India has proposed to create a COVID-19 Emergency Fund which…
05 March, 2021
SAARC
ASEAN Summit 2020 Headquarters – Jakarta, Indonesia Objectives To accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development for a prosperous and peaceful community of Southeast Asian Nations. To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter. To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest in the economic, social, cultural, technical, scientific and administrative fields. To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilisation of agriculture and industries, the expansion of their trade, the improvement of transportation and communications facilities and…
01 March, 2021
ASEAN
Cairn Energy wins arbitration award India has been ordered to return up to $1.4 billion to Cairn Energy PLC of the U.K. after an international arbitration overturned tax demanded retrospectively — an award the government indicated it may challenge. The three¬member tribunal, which also comprised a nominee of the Indian government, unanimously ruled that India’s claim of 10,247 crore in past taxes over a 2006¬07 internal reorganisation of Cairn’s India business was not a valid demand. India “failed to accord Cairn Energy’s investments fair and equitable treatment” under the bilateral investment protection pact it had with the U.K. The tribunal…
09 March, 2021
Major International Organizations
Financial Action Task Force (FATF) -Pakistan is still in the grey list Introduction To Islamabad’s deep disappointment, the Paris-based 39-member Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has decided once again to keep Pakistan on its “grey list” of countries under “increased monitoring”, giving it another three months to complete its commitments. 27-point action list After being removed from that list in 2015, Pakistan was put back on it in June 2018 and handed a 27-point action list to fulfil. On Thursday, FATF President Marcus Player announced that although Pakistan has made “significant progress”, it had three remaining points of the 27…
02 March, 2021
Financial Action Task Force
United Nations Human Rights Council The 46th Session of the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) was held recently. The UNHRC replaced the former UN Commission on Human Rights. The 47-member UNHRC is an inter-governmental body that promotes and protects human rights around the globe. It discusses all thematic human rights violation issues and situations that require its attention throughout the year. It is made up of UN Member States which are elected by the UN General Assembly. It meets at the United Nations Office in Geneva. The UNHRC was created by the UNGA in 2006 by resolution 60/251. One…
25 February, 2021
Major International Organizations
International Atomic Energy Agency Iran will continue to give access to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to its declared nuclear sites for 3 months. IAEA’s genesis was U.S. President Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” address to the United Nations General Assembly in 1953. It was established in 1957 as an autonomous organization which is not under the direct control of the UN. Headquartered in Vienna, IAEA seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and inhibit its use for any military purpose. But it reports to both the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and United Nations Security Council (UNSC). IAEA Safeguards…
23 February, 2021
Major International Organizations
UK invites PM Narendra Modi to G7 Summit G7 are the IMF declared 7 largest economies of the World – they are USA, Canada, France, Italy, Germany, UK and Japan. It represent 40% of global GDP and 10% of World population. G7 Summit 2019 happened in Biarritz, France. India was a participant. 2020 Summit is in USA and 2021 summit is in UK. What is the news? The United Kingdom has invited Prime Minister Narendra Modi to attend the G7 summit that is scheduled to be held in June. Apart from India, Australia and South Korea are also invited to…
BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation), 1997 Bay of Bengal (BoB) is the largest Bay in the World. It includes 7 countries = BBIN, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Thailand. Bob is the largest bay in the World. It has 1.5 billion, 21% of the World's population and a GDP of 2.5 trillion. BIMSTEC was estbalished in 1997 in Bangkok. 1st Meet held in Bangkok in 2004. 2nd in Delhi, India in 2008. 3rd in 2014 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar. 4th Summit held in 2018 Kathmandu, Nepal. 2020 Summit was to be held in Colombo, Sri Lanka.…
13 January, 2021
BIMSTEC
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation – Virtual exhibition India has launched the first-ever SCO Online Exhibition on Shared Buddhist Heritage. The launch happened during the 19th Meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Council of Heads of Government (SCO CHG), held in New Delhi. India highlighted that the cross-border terrorism is the biggest challenge for the SCO countries. SCO Online International Exhibition: Developed by: First ever of its kind the exhibition was developed and curated by the National Museum, New Delhi, in active collaboration with SCO member countries. Participants: Museums from India, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Significance: Buddhist Connection: Buddhist philosophy and art of Central Asia connects SCO countries to each other and present an excellent opportunity for…
01 December, 2020
SCO
International Monetary Fund (IMF) HQ is Washington DC. Head is Kristilina Georgiva. India is a founding member. 189 members. IMF is a cooperative institution. Functions of IMF Majorly for exchange rate stability, deciding exchange rate, distinctions between hard and soft currency, issuing paper gold and SDR mainly to tackle the crisis. Responsible for predicting World GDP, and growth rate, both for developed and developing countries separately. IMF works to control inequality and mainstream women. WB membership is important for IMF. Reports World Economic Outlook Global Financial Stability Report. Working areas Surveillance and Finance and tech assistance to counter to meet…
26 October, 2020
IMF
GS-Paper-2 International organisation (PT-MAINS) India and AIIB: India was among the AIIB’s 57 founding members in 2016. It is also its second-largest shareholder (with 7.62% voting shares) after China (26.06%). It has received USD 4.35 billion from the Bank. This is the highest of any country, with the bank so far approving loans of USD 19.6 billion to support 87 projects in 24 countries. Turkey is second with USD 1.95 billion. AIIB has approved financing projects in India in a host of sectors like energy, transport and water including the Bangalore metro rail project (USD 335 million), Gujarat rural roads project (USD 329 million) and Phase 3 of the Mumbai urban transport project (USD 500 million). In…
16 November, 2021
Major International Organizations
International Monetary and Financial Committee-IMFC Union Minister for Finance & Corporate Affairs Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman attended the Plenary Meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) of the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) at the Annual Meetings 2021 held in Washington D.C. on 14th October 2021. International Monetary and Financial Committee It is the Ministerial-level committee of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It meets twice a year, once during the Fund-Bank Annual Meetings in October and once during the Spring Meetings in April. The Committee discusses matters of common concern affecting the global economy and advises the IMF on the direction of its work.…
16 October, 2021
IMF
International Court Of Justice - ICJ About ICJ The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial body of the UN. Established in 1946 to replace the Permanent Court of International Justice, the ICJ mainly operates under the statute of its predecessor, which is included in the UN Charter. It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, situated at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands). It has 193 state parties and current President is Ronny Abraham. Functions of ICJ It has two primary functions: To settle legal disputes submitted by States in accordance with established international…
01 September, 2021
Major International Organizations
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