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During recent visit of Kenyan President to India, both India and Kenya strengthened ties through a series of 5 Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) and strategic collaborations spanning diverse sectors. Agriculture - India provides $250 million Line of Credit to Kenya for agricultural modernization and Kenya to provide land to Indian companies and institutions for cultivation of crops in Kenya under a cooperative model. A line of credit is a continuous and repeated access to fund for borrowers until it reaches a set credit limit on which regular payments like both principal and interest are made by the borrower. Defence - To carry out joint military exercises and…
05 December, 2023
African Countries
India-Kenya Ties Following a joint reconnaissance of the coastal region close to the Lamu Archipelago by the warships of both nations, India recently handed over 100 nautical charts to Kenya. The survey was carried out in India by the National Hydrography Office of the Indian Navy. About Kenya: Kenya is a country in Eastern Africa. Nairobi is Kenya's largest and capital city, whereas Mombasa, on the country's coast, served as the nation's first capital and oldest city. Kenya is bordered to the northwest by South Sudan, to the north by Ethiopia, to the east by Somalia, to the west by…
09 February, 2023
African Countries
India -Africa Defence Dialogue In conjunction with DefExpo 2022, the second India-Africa Defence Dialogue (IADD) was conducted in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. About The India-Africa Defence Dialogue: Adopting a strategy to enhance and synergize defence and security cooperation is the theme. The Gandhinagar Declaration was approved as an IADD 2022 result document. By increasing training slots and deputising training teams, empowering and strengthening the defence forces of Africa, taking part in exercises, and providing aid during natural disasters, it seeks to improve collaboration in training in all areas of shared interest. A book on defence cooperation between India and Africa was also…
19 October, 2022
African Countries
India-Gabon Relations The Indian business sector recently hosted a group from Gabon in India, and India also congratulated Gabon on its Independence Day (17th August). Earlier, the Indian Vice President went to Gabon and signed two memorandums of understanding (Memorandum of Understanding). Memorandum of Understanding Between the governments of India and Gabon, the creation of a joint commission. Sushma Swaraj Institute of Foreign Services, Gabonese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and training programs for diplomats. India and Gabon agreed to cooperate to advance bilateral, regional, and international sectors of cooperation. India-Gabon Partnership Diplomatically: Since before Gabon gained its independence, India and…
18 August, 2022
African Countries
CHINA’S INTERVENTION IN THE HORN OF AFRICA Investment across the African continent has been increased by China throughout the last decade with special emphasis on raw materials. Recently China concluded “The China-horn of Africa peace, governance and development conference” in which for the first time China aims to play role in the area of security in the African continent. PROJECT OF CHINA IN AFRICA The four major areas of China’s interest are natural resources, maritime interest, financial assistance and infrastructural projects and infrastructural investment. China is also funding $200 million for the construction of the African Union’s headquarters in Addis…
29 June, 2022
African Countries
POWERGRID and Africa50: First Transmission PPP Project Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID) has signed a Joint Development Agreement with Africa50, the pan-African infrastructure investment platform to continue to develop the Kenya Transmission Project on a public-private partnership basis. Africa50 Africa50 is an infrastructure investment platform that contributes to Africa’s economic growth by developing and investing in bankable infrastructure projects, catalyzing public sector capital, and mobilizing private sector funding, with differentiated financial returns and impact. Africa50 currently has 31 shareholders, comprised of 28 African countries, the African Development Bank, the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO), and Bank…
13 January, 2022
African Countries
Context: Ethiopian Tigray Crisis is an important topic for UPSE GS Paper 2. Ethiopia’s Tigray region and the country’s humanitarian crisis give rise to concerns of long-term regional deterioration. Without a clear framework for peace-building, post-conflict reconstruction, and transitional justice, the country is at risk of drastically postponing both political and economic recovery. The Ethiopian government and the militias must end the fighting and begin talking. Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s year-long war on the rebels in the northern Tigray region threatens to pull the whole country into a deadly civil war between the federal troops and several ethnic militias.…
08 November, 2021
African Countries
Horn of Africa crisis- Ethiopia case study Context: Ethiopian crisis is important for Personality Test and Political science optional “After 2nd world war the changing world order resulted into various crises particular in African region. Boundary disengagement, poverty, corruption, international politics by China and UAS are some of the reason behind Horn of African crisis” What is the issue? Ethiopia’s Tigray region (UPSC MAPPING) and the country’s humanitarian crisis give rise to concerns of long-term regional deterioration.Without a clear framework for peace-building, post-conflict reconstruction and transitional justice, the country is at risk of drastically postponing both political and economic recovery.…
27 October, 2021
African Countries
India-Seychelles Virtual Meet Recently, the Prime Minister of India will take part in a high-level virtual event with the President of the Republic of Seychelles & jointly inaugurated several Indian projects in Seychelles. Major Highlights Seychelles is central to India’s vision of ‘SAGAR’ – ‘Security and Growth for All in the Region. During times of need, India was able to supply essential medicines and 50,000 doses of Made in India vaccines to Seychelles. Seychelles was the First African country to receive the Made in India COVID-19 vaccines. India has contributed to the construction of the new Magistrates Court Building in Seychelles. For strengthening the maritime…
09 April, 2021
African Countries
Political & Humanitarian Crisis in Ethiopia- Important Relevant Facts It is a landlocked country. The Horn of Africa houses the countries of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia. The Tigray people make up roughly 6% of the population, while the Oromos have a 34% share and the Amharas 27%. The Oromos have alleged marginalisation and called for better representation. India-Ethiopia Relations Ethiopia is one of the largest recipients of long term concessional credit from India in Africa. Lines of Credit worth more than USD1 billion have been sanctioned to Ethiopia for sectors such as rural electrification, sugar industry and railways. Tele-Education and Tele-Medicine services under the Pan Africa e-Network Project were…
04 March, 2021
African Countries
Conflict in Ethiopia Introduction Ethiopia’s Tigray region and the country’s humanitarian crisis give rise to concerns of long-term regional deterioration. Without a clear framework for peace-building, post-conflict reconstruction and transitional justice, the country is at risk of drastically postponing both political and economic recovery. Crisis in the Horn of Africa Entire Horn of Africa region is already plagued by: low-level conflicts, uneven economic development, border disputes, continued food insecurity, climate change, a precarious political situation, and a dire refugee crisis. The conflict Breakdown of relations: The breakdown in the already strained relations between the federal government in Addis Ababa and…
03 March, 2021
African Countries
Museveni win in Uganda for the 6th time Uganda’s Electoral Commission said on Saturday that President Yoweri Museveni won a sixth five-year term, extending his rule to four decades, while top opposition challenger Bobi Wine dismissed “cooked-up, fraudulent results” and officials struggled to explain how polling results were compiled amid an Internet blackout. In a generational clash watched across the African continent with a booming young population and a host of ageing leaders, the 38-year-old singer-turned-lawmaker Mr. Wine posed arguably Mr. Museveni's greatest challenge yet. The self-described “ghetto president” had strong support in urban centers where frustration with unemployment and…
17 January, 2021
African Countries
Sudan issue - UPSC The recent U.S. move to remove Sudan’s designation, which had been in place since 1993, as a state that sponsors terrorism could potentially come at a huge price that no sovereign nation should demand, or acquiesce to. The Sudanese government’s recognition of the state of Israel — which looms as Khartoum’s trade-off for the terror delisting — should be the sole prerogative of the people of that country, not of a superpower such as Washington or any other to arbitrarily impose its will. Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok had himself articulated the dilemma that his unelected…
28 December, 2020
African Countries
Israel – Sudan Issue Historical Background Sudan, which was technically at war with Israel since its foundation in 1948, has now become the third country to forge diplomatic relations with it, in recent times. Recently, in a deal brokered by the USA, Sudan and Israel have agreed to normalise relations to end decades of hostility. Earlier, the USA brokered diplomatic pacts between Israel and the UAE and Bahrain as well, to normalise their relations. Implications: USA Sudan was added to the USA Black list in 1993 after it was accused of harbouring groups such as Hezbollah and Palestinian militant outfits…
27 October, 2020
African Countries
Sudan’s troubles Context The massacre of over 60 people over the weekend in Sudan’s Darfur region marks a further escalation in the violence blighting the territory since the 2019 ouster of the country’s dictator Omar al-Bashir. Arab emperors vs. African ethnic groups About 500 armed men targeted the Masalit community in west Darfur’s Masteri town, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. On Friday, 20 people, including women and children, were gunned down in a South Darfur town when displaced farmers were returning to the region under a recent government-backed agreement with the original landowners. Days…
28 July, 2020
African Countries
DDT to South Africa GS-Paper-2 I.R India and Africa (PT-MAINS) Recently, HIL (India) Limited has supplied 20.60 Metric tonne of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a fertilizer to South Africa for their malaria control program. The Company is further in the process of supplying DDT to Zimbabwe and Zambia in the current Financial Year 2020-21. HIL (India) Limited It is a PSU under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers. It was incorporated in 1954 to manufacture and supply DDT to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare for malaria control programmes. It is the sole manufacturer of DDT globally. DDT: It is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound. It was…
27 July, 2020
African Countries
India builds state-of-the-art training facility for Ugandan defence forces The Indian Association Uganda (IAU), in association with the Indian Military Advisory and Training Team there, handed over a state-of-the-art military training facility to Uganda Peoples Defence Forces (UPDF). The war game centre, named ‘INDIA’, was inaugurated by Gen. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, President of the Republic of Uganda The centre was conceptualised by the Indian Military Team and constructed by the IAU at a cost of over 1 billion Ugandan shillings or $2,65,000. It has been funded by voluntary contributions from Ugandans of Indian origin.
25 May, 2020
African Countries
India- Africa Defence Ministers conclave Syllabus subtopic: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests. Prelims and Mains focus: about the event and agreements signed; about CCIT News: The first India- Africa Defence Ministers conclave was recently held at the ongoing Defexpo in Lucknow (UP). About the event The dialogue was attended by 12 Defence Ministers and 38 countries were represented at the conclave. Cooperation agreements signed India and several African countries pledged to deepen cooperation to combat the growing threat of terrorism and preserve maritime security by sharing information, intelligence and…
07 February, 2020
African Countries
Libya ceasefire Syllabus subtopic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India's interests, Indian diaspora. Prelims and Mains focus: About the crisis in Libya and its impact on the regional and global geopolitics News: Both sides in Libya’s conflict agreed to a ceasefire from Sunday to end nine months of fighting following weeks of international diplomacy and calls for a truce by powerbrokers Russia and Turkey. Background The oilrich North African country has been wracked by bloody turmoil since a NATObacked uprising killed longtime dictator Moamer Kadhafi in 2011, with multiple foreign powers now…
13 January, 2020
African Countries
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