Hybrid Classes
We provide offline, online and recorded lectures in the same amount.
Personalised Mentoring
Every aspirant is unique and the mentoring is customised according to the strengths and weaknesses of the aspirant
Topicwise Mindmaps
In every Lecture. Director Sir will provide conceptual understanding with around 800 Mindmaps.
Quality Content
We provide you the best and Comprehensive content which comes directly or indirectly in UPSC Exam.
Monthly DNA
The Zanskar River is a tributary of the Indus River. It originates from the Doda and Lungnak rivers, and flows entirely within Ladakh. The Zanskar River's headwaters are known as the Tsarap Chu, and originate from the snows of the Himalayas. The river's entire catchment area is formed by glaciers.
02 February, 2024
River system
Harni Motnath Lake is a green lake in Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
01 February, 2024
Water resources
India to send industry delegation for copper mining opportunities in Zambia. The Mines Ministry has proposed sending an Indian industry delegation to copper-rich Zambia to discuss potential copper exploration and mining projects in the southern African country. China Nonferrous Mining Corporation (CNMC) is among the largest producers of copper in Zambia. Copper Copper is a good conductor of electricity and is ductile. Alloys - Alloyed with iron and nickel to make stainless steel. Alloyed with nickel to make ‘morel metal’. Alloyed with aluminium to make ‘duralumin’. Alloyed with zinc it is known as ‘brass’ and with tin as ‘bronze’. Copper is widely…
05 February, 2024
Minerals
Kachchhi Kharek, the indigenous variety of dates of Kutch, has become the second fruit of Gujarat to get a geographical indication (GI) tag from the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks (CGPDT) of India. Kachchhi Kharek The presence of dates in Kachchh (Kutch) is believed to be around 400-500 years old.It is believed that date palm groves along the north-western border of India have developed from the seeds thrown by the settlers, who used to visit Middle-East countries for Haj.It is also probable that the Arab gardeners working in the palaces of the former rulers of Kachchh might also have contributed…
21 January, 2024
Indian Geography
The state-owned Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) (It is an Indian oil and gas explorer and producer.It is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India. Its headquarters is situated in New Delhi. ONGC was founded on 14 August 1956 by the government of India. It was conferred with 'Maharatna' status by the Government of India in November 2010) recently discovered two significant natural gas reserves in the Mahanadi basin block in the Bay of Bengal. Mahanadi River Basin It is the 8th largest river basin in the country, with a total catchment area of…
20 January, 2024
River system
India is poised to become the world’s largest producer of lentils (masoor) in the 2023-24 crop year due to increased acreage. Lentils Scientific name – Lens culinaris It is a small annual legume of the pea family (Fabaceae) and its edible seed. Types – Green lentils, Red & Yellow lentils, Black lentils and Brown lentils. Nutrition – It has high protein and fibre content. Cultivation – Throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa but are little grown in the Western Hemisphere. Benefits – It helps in nitrogen fixation in the soil. Cultivation in India – Agriculture Ministry shows that 19.45 lakh hectares is under lentil till January 2024, 6% higher from last year’s area, and 37% higher than the normal…
18 January, 2024
Agro based industries
Vellayani Lake of Punchakkari wetland is the largest freshwater lake in Trivandrum, Kerala. The Vellayani Devi Temple, dedicated to Goddess Bhadrakali, is located on the eastern banks of the lake.
26 January, 2024
Water resources
A study has pointed out that the 100 active permafrost structures identified in Jhelum basin, can cause catastrophic disasters in future. A rock glacier is a mass of rock, ice, snow, mud, and water that moves slowly down a mountain under the influence of gravity. Formation - They typically form in mountainous regions where there is a combination of permafrost, rock debris, and ice. A pre-existing glacier may accumulate debris and rocks as it moves. Over time, if the glacier recedes or thaws, the debris-covered ice can transform into a rock glacier. Permafrost - Thick ground layers frozen for at least 2 years Types - They are classified as ‘active’…
14 January, 2024
Land resource
The Indian Air Force (IAF) has proposed to set up a forward fighter airbase in Minicoy Islands, to safeguard the sea lanes of communications and to keep the Arabian Sea free from non-state actors in the region. Location - In the Indian Ocean between the Laccadive Islands of Kalpeni and Suheli Par, and Maliku Atoll of Minicoy. Features - Approximately 200 km wide with a depth of 2597 metres. Channel Location 8 Degree Channel Minicoy Island and Maldives 9 Degree Channel Laccadive Islands and Minicoy Island 10 Degree Channel Little Andaman and Nicobar Lakshadweep An archipelago consisting of 36 islands.India’s smallest…
14 January, 2024
Indian Geography
Dense fog covered the better part of north India during the last days of December and the 1st couple of days of 2024. What is fog? A fog – It is a collection of small droplets of water produced when evaporated water has cooled down and condensed.It is nothing but a thick cloud, but very close to the earth’s surface. Conditions for a thick fog Lower temperatures Abundant moisture near the surface Higher humidity The process by which it cools Fog materialises whenever there is a temperature disparity between the ground and the air. Fog Mist Meaning A thick low lying cloud at surface…
10 January, 2024
Indian Geography
IIT Delhi team makes first hi-res landslide risk map for India. Landslide Susceptibility Landslide susceptibility is the likelihood of a landslide occurrence in an area depend on the terrain condition. It is an estimate of where landslides will have occurred. Relative susceptibility to land sliding is used as a measure of the potential hazard within an area. It is applicable to regions with different geomorphologic and vegetation characteristics. National Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (NLSM) programme Geological Survey of India has launched and undertook a national programme on landslide susceptibility mapping with an aim to cover the 0.42 million sq. km landslide…
04 January, 2024
Indian Geography
The Ennore Creek is a backwater located in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu. As an arm of the Kosathalaiyar River, the Creek meets the Bay of Bengal at Mugathwara Kuppam, while the northern channel of the creek connects to the Pulicat Lake. This creek has been demarcated as Coastal Regulation Zone IV (Water Body) in the coastal zone management plan by the Tamil Nadu State Coastal Zone Management Authority. Undertaking any reclamation, bunding, construction or altering the water bodies is illegal under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 & Environment Protection Act, 1986.
27 December, 2023
Water resources
Goa Liberation Day is celebrated on December 19th every year. It marks the day in 1961 when India reclaimed the coastal state from centuries of Portuguese rule. On December 19, 1961, Goa officially became part of India and was declared as a Union Territory along with Daman and Diu after a military operation called "Operation Vijay".
26 December, 2023
Indian Geography
The Pir Panjal (South) in the Jammu sector has in recent months, witnessed more operational activity and presence of terrorists. It is located in the northern Indian subcontinent. The Pir Panjal Range is part of the Western Himalayas and is principally in the disputed Kashmir region. It extends from the Nilam (Kishanganga) River in the western Azad Kashmir area, through southwestern Jammu & Kashmir union territory, to the upper Beas River in northwestern Himachal Pradesh. Azad Kashmir is an area administered by Pakistan. Rising sharply to an average elevation of more than 13,000 feet, it separates the Jammu Hills to…
29 December, 2023
Indian Geography
Tamil Nadu has witnessed heavy rainfall in December 2023. What is the rainfall pattern in Tamil Nadu? Weather conditions – The state is vulnerable to extreme weather conditions, while coastal districts experience flooding, other areas experience severe droughts. According to IMD, from the year 1951 to 2013, Tamil Nadu has received 47 normal, 8 excess, 6 deficient, and 2 scanty rainfall over a period of time. Annual rainfall – About 987mm with a range varying from 317.4 mm to 1890.5 mm over the 63 years period (1951-2013). While Nilgiris receives the maximum average annual rainfall, Thoothukkudi and Karur receive the least. Coefficient of variation in annual rainfall – It lies in the…
28 December, 2023
Indian Geography
The Valparai plateau is situated in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. It is surrounded on all sides by protected areas Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Parambikulam Tiger Reserve and Eravikulam National Park. Valparai is known for its tea and coffee plantations, around 7-8 national and international companies spread over 54 tea and coffee estates in Valparai.
18 December, 2023
Indian Geography
Perur- Sundakamuthur Lake or Perur Lake located in the southwestern edges of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. This Lake Stores the water from Noyaal River and distributes to the other lakes in the surrounding lakes of Coimbatore. The Perur Lake Forum has conducted a 6-year study on the decline of water birds in urban wetlands.
29 November, 2023
Indian Geography
The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has given approval to construct training walls at the Pazhaverkadu estuary to stabilise the bar mouth, which often gets closed due to silting. Pazhaverkadu or Pulicat is a vast brackish water lake with 3 estuaries situated in Thiruvallur district of Tamilnadu. Pulicat Lake is the 2nd largest brackish water lake in South Asia, after the Chilika Lake in Odisha.
28 November, 2023
Water resources
The Silkyara tunnel connects the villages of Silkyara and Dandalgaonin in Uttarakhand. It is part of the Chardham project of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. The tunnel aims to reduce the distance between 2 major pilgrim sites Yamunotri and Gangotri in Uttarakhand. The tunnel collapsed recently trapping at least 40 workers inside.
17 November, 2023
Indian Geography
The Supreme Court recently directed the Survey of India (SoI) to examine whether a mega car park constructed by Kerala at Mullaiperiyar Dam is encroaching property covered under the Periyar Lake Lease Agreement. About - It is a masonry gravity dam in Idukki district of Kerala, where the Periyar and Mullayar rivers meet. Construction - The dam was constructed during 1887-1895 across Periyar River in the then Travancore state (now Kerala). Agreement - Although the dam is located in Kerala, it is operated by Tamil Nadu following an 1886 lease indenture for 999 years. The lease indenture was signed between the Maharaja of Travancore and the Secretary of State for…
29 November, 2023
Dam
Recently, an under-construction Silkyara-Barkot tunnel in Uttarakhand collapsed trapping 40 workers inside. Silkyara-Barkot Tunnel Location- The 4.5-km tunnel is being constructed between Silkyara and Dandalgaon on the Brahmakhal-Yamunotri portion of the National Highway. It is a part of the Char Dhamall-weather road project connecting 4 sacred sites of Hindus. Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojana is a Central government initiative to improve the road connectivity of 4 sacred sites in Uttarakhand - Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath. Aim- To upgrade and widen the 1100 km of highways into all-weather roads. What are the possible reasons for the collapse of the tunnel? The collapsed section…
22 November, 2023
Indian Geography
According to a new study, deforestation in the Maritime Continent (MC) can strengthen subtropical El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics, causing more Central Pacific and multi-year ENSOs. ENSO is an important climate phenomenon on Earth due to its ability to change the global atmospheric circulation, which in turn influences temperature and precipitation across the globe. Geography – A region around Southeast Asia between the Indian and Pacific oceans (Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea and 1000’s of islands and many seas). Climate – It is the warmest large span of ocean in the world, with an average temperature of about 82 degrees Fahrenheit. A lot of water evaporates and carried…
20 November, 2023
Indian Geography
Sand sedimentation is causing the mudflats of Kadalundi to vanish. Kadalundi – A village on the southwest coast in Kozhikode, Kerala that had about 8 hectares of nutrient rich intertidal mudflats in the early 2000s. Kadalundi River is the 6th longest River of Kerala. It originates from the Western Ghats and has 2 tributaries Olipuzha and Veliyar. The Kadalundi River and the Chaliyar River merges with the Arabian Sea at Kadalundi. Threat - Today, it has reduced to about 1 hectare. Sedimentation of sand deprives prey to migrant birds. Mangrove proliferation is aggressively invasive and they never attracts migratory birds because of predator’s presence. Kerala floods of 2018 and…
20 November, 2023
Land resource
Geo-heritage Sites and Geo-relics Bill, 2022 The Ministry of Mines recently gave notice of the proposed Geo-heritage Sites and Geo-relics (Preservation and Maintenance) Bill. Geo-heritage Sites and Geo-relics: The Law aims to establish the designation, preservation, protection, and upkeep of national geo-heritage sites and geo-relics for geological research, teaching, awareness, and study. 32 geo-heritage sites have been designated by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), including the Siwalik Fossil Park in Himachal Pradesh, the Stromatolite Fossil Park at the Jharmarkotra, Rock Phosphate Deposit in the Udaipur district, and the Akal Fossil Wood Park in Jaisalmer. However, many of these sites…
18 February, 2023
Protected areas
Largest Rare Earth Elements Deposit in Europe More than a million tonnes of rare earth oxides have recently been found in Northern Sweden by the state-owned mining corporation LKAB. About the discovery: Deposits of rare earth elements have been found near Kiruna, Sweden, in the Arctic. Europe doesn't mine any rare earth elements (REE), and instead largely imports them from other places. China supplied 98 percent of the rare earths that the European Union consumed. This finding supports Europe's goal of reducing its reliance on imported raw resources for the green transition. Since rare earths are not currently mined in…
14 January, 2023
Minerals
Etalin Hydroelectric Project Recent non-compliance with the FAC's (Forest Advisory Committee )requirements and the massive opposition to the project in the area prompted the FAC to request that the Arunachal Pradesh government submit a new plan for forest diversion and the development of the Etalin hydropower project (EHEP). The strategy combined two run-of-the-river plans with little room for storage and called for concrete gravity dams on the Tangon and Dri rivers. Since its inception in 2008, it has encountered a number of problems due to worries about ecological harm, forest invasion, and tribal displacement. Etalin Hydroelectric Project (EHEP): It is…
19 January, 2023
River water projects
Exports of sugar Indian sugar mills have contracts to export 55 lakh tonnes of sweetness, according to the Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA). In the marketing year 2022–2023, the government has permitted sugar mills to export 60 lakh tonnes of sugar through May. (October-September). About 50 million sugarcane farmers and about 5 lakh people who are directly engaged in sugar mills depend on the sugar industry, a significant agro-based sector, for their livelihood in rural areas. India becomes both the world's greatest producer and consumer of sugar as well as its second-largest exporter of sugar in (Oct-Sep) 2021–2022. Areas that…
18 January, 2023
Agro based industries
Ganga Vilas River cruise The longest river cruise in the world, the "Ganga Vilas," from Varanasi to Dibrugarh via Bangladesh, will take sail on January 13 with Prime Minister Narendra Modi as the master of ceremonies. The luxurious ship, which has room for 80 people, will travel 3200 kilometers in 50 days, traversing through 27 river systems in Bangladesh and India. Significance of the cruise: The Cruise will examine the enormous resources that our rich river system has to offer. As tourists are able to experience India's spirituality, education, well-being, culture, and biodiversity riches, our rich history will continue to…
09 January, 2023
Water Transportation
Uranium Contamination in Groundwater The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) has produced a study titled "Groundwater yearbook 2021-2022" on the health of groundwater. Important Findings: In twelve Indian states, uranium levels in groundwater exceed permitted limits. In terms of the percentage of wells with uranium concentrations greater than 30 ppb, Punjab is the worst-affected state. Haryana is the second most contaminated state in terms of uranium in groundwater. Uranium was found in high concentrations in 9.2 per cent of the samples from Uttar Pradesh. Uranium concentrations have been judged to be safe in 13 states. The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)…
11 January, 2023
Water crisis
Dams in Indian Territory According to a United Nations (UN) research titled "Aging Water Infrastructure: An Emerging Global Risk," over 1,000 big dams in India would be around 50 years old by 2025, and comparable aging embankments around the world constitute an increasing concern. According to a United Nations research, around 3,700 dams in India may lose 26% of their entire storage by 2050 owing to sediment deposition, which might jeopardize future water security, irrigation, and power generation. The research was carried out by the United Nations University Institute on Water, Environment, and Health (UNU-INWEH), also known as the UN's…
10 January, 2023
Dam
Groundwater Protection The United Nations-Water Summit on Groundwater 2022 emphasised the importance of groundwater in global food production and food security. Significant Highlights: The conference was hosted by UN-Water, UNESCO, and the International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre. The summit was organised to raise global awareness about groundwater conservation. It also marked the end of the UN-"Groundwater: Water's Making the Invisible Visible" campaign, which ran until 2022. UN-Water Conference in 2023: The United Nations 2023 water conference in New York City offers unprecedented opportunities for progress on SDG 6 (Sustainable Development Goal 6 is about clean water and sanitation for all)…
19 December, 2022
Water resources
Waste Water Management Nearly half, or 43%, of the world's rivers are contaminated with pharmaceutical active components at levels that could be fatal to human health. Waste water management and process controls must be given top priority by the pharmaceutical industry to reduce antibiotic contamination and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In India's many states, notably in pharmaceutical centers like Himachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, widespread pharmaceutical contamination has been documented. About Waste Water: Wastewater, often known as sewage, is the polluted form of water produced by rainwater runoff and human activity. Typically, it is classified according to how it is…
25 November, 2022
Water resources
All about Droughts A prolonged period of total dryness is called a drought. The globe over, it is possible. Uneven distribution, failing monsoons, and a lack of water are the causes of this. When there is nearly no water or very little water available owing to different factors such as insufficient precipitation, excessive water use, a high rate of evaporation, or excessive groundwater use, the situation is referred to as a "drought." When rain is absent or inadequate for an extended period of time, it creates a substantial hydrologic (water) imbalance that leads to water shortages, agricultural damage, decreased streamflow,…
18 November, 2022
Land use change
Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing is on the rise. Despite rising Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing beyond the Exclusive Economic Zone, Indian Navy vessels monitored over 200 Chinese fishing vessels in the Indian Ocean during the first half of this year (EEZ). The Northern Indian Ocean Region is home to the majority of illegal activity (IOR). Every year on June 5th, the International Day to Combat Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing is observed. What is Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing? IUU fishing is a broad term that refers to a wide range of fishing activities. IUU fishing…
18 November, 2022
Agro based industries
The Indian Tea Industry A Union Minister recently spoke at the International Small Tea Grower's Convention of the Indian Tea Association (ITA). The ITA is the oldest and most prestigious association of Indian tea growers, having been established in 1881. It has had a multifaceted impact on creating policies and getting things moving in the direction of the industry's development and expansion. How is the Indian tea industry doing right now? India is the second-largest tea producer in the world. Assam and West Bengal generate the majority of the nation's yearly tea production, which will account for 83% of the…
16 November, 2022
Agro based industries
India's Edible Oil Industry In a recent argument against the approval for the release of GM mustard into the environment, the Centre cited the fact that India is currently importing and consuming oil made from Genetically Modified (GM) crops. Also, around 9.5 million tonnes (mt) of GM cotton seed is produced annually and 1.2 mt of GM cotton oil is consumed by human beings, and about 6.5 mt of cotton seed is consumed as animal feed. What is the state of the Indian edible oil industry? Area of the nation's economy: One of the world's top producers of oilseeds is…
15 November, 2022
Agro based industries
Assessment of the Dynamic Ground Water Resource, 2022 The Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report for the entire nation for the year 2022 was just released by the Union Minister of Jal Shakti. What are the Assessment's Findings? The annual groundwater extraction is 239.16 BCM, while the total annual groundwater recharge is 437.60 BCM. According to the assessment, groundwater recharge has increased. The annual groundwater recharge was 436 bcm while the annual groundwater extraction was 245 bcm, according to a 2020 assessment. When water from the earth's surface seeps below and collects in aquifers, the process is known as groundwater…
14 November, 2022
Water resources
Sukapaika River The Sukapaika River, which stopped flowing 70 years ago, is set to be revived, as the Odisha government has begun working on a revival plan in response to a recent National Green Tribunal directive (NGT). The main features of the Sukapaika River Sukapaika is one of the many distributaries of Odisha's mighty Mahanadi river. It splits from the Mahanadi at Ayatpur village in Cuttack district and flows for about 40 kilometres (km) before rejoining the Mahanadi at Tarapur in the same district. Sukapaika river is an important Mahanadi system for flood control and maintaining river flow as well…
24 October, 2022
River system
India: world’s largest producer of sugar now Due to the record production of more than 5000 LMT of sugarcane, India has just become the world's largest producer and consumer of sugar as well as the second-largest exporter. What Factors Affect Sugar Production Well? Sugarcane Season (September–October): The season saw the creation of all records for sugarcane production, sugar production, sugar exports, cane procurement, cane dues paid, and ethanol production. High exports: Without any financial aid, exports reached a record high of about 109.8 LMT and brought in roughly Rs. 40,000 crores in foreign currency. Initiatives in Indian government policy: They have…
08 October, 2022
Agro based industries
World Cotton Day Every year on October 7, World Cotton Day is observed. The international event will celebrate its third anniversary in 2022. The Story of the Day History/Background: The Cotton Four, four Sub-Saharan African cotton producers Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali, proposed the first World Cotton Day to the World Trade Organization on October 7, 2019. (WTO). On October 7, 2019, the WTO welcomed the Cotton-4 countries' initiative to organize World Cotton Day. Theme: Weaving a Better Cotton Future The theme focuses on sustainable cotton cultivation in order to improve the lives of cotton laborers, smallholders, and their…
07 October, 2022
Agro based industries
Sugar Production in India India surpasses other nations to take the top spots in the world for sugar production, consumption, and exports. Major Points Production: During the sugar season, which ran from October to September (2021–2022), a record amount of sugarcane—more than 5000 LMT—was produced in the country. Of that amount, 3574 LMT were crushed by sugar mills to create 394 LMT of sugar (Sucrose). 35 LMT of this sugar was diverted to the production of ethanol, leaving 359 LMT for sugar mills to produce. Exports: Exports brought in foreign cash worth Rs. 40,000 crores. Another success of the season…
06 October, 2022
Agro based industries
Transforming Agrifood System with Forests A report on deforestation, livestock grazing, and farmer field schools was recently published by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. At the digital conference FAO-Global Landscapes Forum: Transforming agrifood systems with forests, FAO released the report. A group of farmers, livestock keepers, or fishermen attend a farmer field school to learn how to transition to more sustainable production methods by improving ecosystem services and understanding complicated agro-ecosystems. What are the Report's Highlights? The amount of food needed to feed the world's population will increase by 50% by 2050 compared to 2012.…
04 October, 2022
Agroforestry
Sapta Kosi High Dam Project India and Nepal recently decided to move the Sapta Kosi high dam project forward with additional research. Senior officials from the two countries met and discussed their collaboration in the water sector, especially the Mahakali Treaty's implementation. What are the Mahakali Treaty and the Sapta Kosi High Dam Project? On Nepal's Saptakoshi River, a multifunctional project called the Sapta Kosi High Dam is being considered (Known as Kosi River in India). The project's main goals are to produce hydropower and regulate floods in northern Bihar and the southeast of Nepal. The project will produce 3,000…
04 October, 2022
River water projects
Corbett Tiger Reserve: Uttarakhand According to a Forest Survey of India (FSI) assessment, over 6,000 trees were cut down without permission for the projected Pakhro tiger safari project in Corbett Tiger Reserve (CTR). The area cleared under CTR is thought to be 16.21 hectares (hac) for the Safari Project, according to the FSI's inspection. When finished, the 106-hectare Pakhro Tiger Safari will have been the first tiger safari in the State to house tigers in enclosures to guarantee "100% sighting." Characteristics of the Corbett Tiger Reserve It is situated in Uttarakhand's Nainital district. The first national park in India, Corbett…
03 October, 2022
Vegetation
Jaldoot App & Groundwater Status in India The "JALDOOT App and JALDOOT App e-brochure" was recently released by the Ministry of Rural Development to better measure groundwater levels. ??????? About JALDOOT app The Panchayati Raj and the Ministry of Rural Development collaborated to create the JALDOOT app. This app will be used all throughout the nation to record the water level of a village's chosen one to three wells. Both online and offline usage of the app is supported. Water level can therefore be recorded even in the absence of internet connectivity. Recorded data will be kept on a mobile…
27 September, 2022
Water resources
About Natural Rubber Farmers and other groups have recently protested because the price of natural rubber (NR) in the Indian market has dropped to a sixteen-month low. Image Source - Wikipedia What is the reason behind the sudden drop in prices? Insufficient Demand and Other Factors because of low Chinese demand, the energy crisis in Europe, and excessive inflation. While the industry has paid a heavy price because of China's relentless zero COVID agenda, which accounts for around 42% of worldwide volume. Export to other nations: The local tire business has a plentiful supply of block rubber from the Ivory…
16 September, 2022
Agro based industries
Iron Ore Mining and Supreme Court Judgement The Supreme Court recently increased the "ceiling limit" of iron ore mining for the Karnataka districts of Ballari, Chitradurga, and Tumakuru, stating that environmental protection and economic development must coexist. The Supreme Court has loosened its own directives ten years after strictly regulating the production and sale of iron ore in Karnataka. About Karnataka Iron Ore Mining Ban After the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) opened an investigation into unlawful mining at the Obulapuram Mining Company (OMC) near Ballari in 2009, the company was shut down by the Supreme Court in 2010. The…
03 September, 2022
Minerals
Project Arth Ganga Image Source - Piv.gov.in The National Mission for Clean Ganga's Director General recently discussed the Arth Ganga approach during World Water Week 2022. Key Features of the project The term "Arth Ganga" alludes to a sustainable development paradigm with an emphasis on Gang-related economic activity. The idea was initially presented by PM Modi at the inaugural National Ganga Council meeting in Kanpur in 2019 when he pushed for a switch from Namami Gange to the Arth Ganga model. The government is focusing on six verticals under Arth Ganga: The first is Zero Budget Natural Farming, which encourages…
29 August, 2022
River water projects
Mahanadi River The Mahanadi River in Odisha is currently flooded, as predicted by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). It is anticipated that a low-pressure region would develop over the Northern Bay of Bengal and bring severe rain to a few locations in Chhattisgarh and Odisha. About Mahanadi River After the Godavari and Krishna River systems, the Mahanadi River system is the biggest river in the state of Odisha. The river's catchment region also includes Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Maharashtra. Its basin is bordered to the north by the Central India hills, to the south and east by the Eastern…
19 August, 2022
River system
FLOODS IN KERALA Kerala is once again faced with flooding-like conditions brought on by heavy monsoon rains, similar to the one in 2018. Additionally, a low-pressure system is forecast to build over the Bay of Bengal in the next two to three days, which is likely to make the rains worse. Reason for Kerala flood Condition of Dams: The state of Kerala has 54 dams and out of which the majority of dams were opened because of heavy rainfall. Over Population: Kerala is at position three in terms of population and therefore it is one of the most densely populated…
06 August, 2022
Floods management
JUTE SECTOR IN INDIA The jute sector in India has been faltering while Bangladesh’s is flourishing and depleting. According to the third advance estimate released by the Union Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, it has mainly fallen by over 13 per cent in the past decade about 1.77 million tonnes in 2021-22, from 2.03 million tonnes in 2011-12. The average area under the jute in the country was 0.82 million hectares between 2000-01 and 2009-10, according to a 2021 report by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP). This declined to 0.73 million ha between 2010-11 and 2019-20.…
02 August, 2022
Agro based industries
ASSAM FLOOD: EXPLAINED Assam is facing the second wave of flood in July after the first wave of flood in May this year. Almost every year its face 2-3 wave of a flood through the Brahmaputra River system, which affects most of Assam. More than 35 lakhs of people are affected in 26 districts of the state with heavy loss of life and the submergence of major parts of the Kaziranga National Park. The Brahmaputra is also critical to the Kaziranga National Park as it is bounded by the river on one side. The reason behind annual flooding in Assam…
12 July, 2022
Floods management
URBAN HEAT ISLAND Recently a picture captured by NASA showed that how nighttime temperature in Delhi and adjoining villages were above 35 degrees Celsius which is also peaking at about 39 degrees Celsius, while the rural field nearby had cooled to around 15 degrees Celsius. The phenomena of urban heat island are growing in capital mainly because of escape in green infrastructure. It has been observed that cities and towns are getting warmer than the surrounding rural areas mainly due to loss of green cover, increasing concretization, increased use of cooling equipment and vehicular pollution. WHAT IS URBAN HEAT ISLAND?…
17 June, 2022
Land use change
Operation Blue Freedom A team of eight persons with disabilities created a new world record for the “largest number of people with disabilities” to scale the world’s highest battlefield, Siachen Glacier, by scaling up to the Kumar Post at an altitude of 15,632 ft. The team with disabilities was trained and led by CLAW Global, a team of Special Forces veterans who had left the service due to disabilities. The expedition team climbed a total distance of 60 km atop the spine of the Siachen Glacier over a period of five days from September 7 to finally reach Kumar Post…
14 September, 2021
Indian Geography
Who evaluates Mineral deposits in India? Mineral assessment is a continuous process and a number of exploration agencies like Geological Survey of India [GSI], Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited [MECL], Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research [AMDER], State Departments of Geology and Mining [DGMs], State/Central Undertakings are engaged in the exploration of mineral deposits in the country. For mineral surveys in the country, GSI is the nodal agency to formulate exploration programmes for various agencies through the Central Geological Programming Board. GSI carries out mapping and systematic exploration for various mineral commodities under different stages e.g. ‘reconnaissance survey' [G4], ‘preliminary…
28 December, 2021
Minerals
India and World Bank sign $250 million project for DRIP-2 Scheme First, read the comprehensive note of Dam safety policies and institutions in India. India ranks third globally after China and the United States of America, with 5334 large dams in operation. In addition, about 411 dams are under construction at present. There are also several thousand smaller dams. These dams are vital for ensuring the water security of the Country. Indian dams and reservoirs play an important role in the economic and agricultural growth of our country by storing approximately 300 billion cubic meters of water annually. These…
05 August, 2021
Dam
Inland Vessels Bill, 2021 It will replace the Inland Vessels Act, of 1917. The Bill will regulate the safety, security and registration of inland vessels. A key feature of the Bill is a unified law for the entire country, instead of separate rules framed by the States. The certificate of registration granted under the proposed law will be deemed to be valid in all States and Union Territories, and there will be no need to seek separate permissions from the States. The Bill provides for a central database for recording the details of the vessel, vessel registration, and crew on…
30 July, 2021
Inland Waterways
Reforms in the Mining Sector Geological Survey of India: For all minerals except Uranium (AMD). It is the largest and most comprehensive provider of basic earth science information or database. Indian Bureau of Mines, 1948: It is under Ministry of Mines with responsibilities for conservation and systematic exploitation of mineral resources other than coal, petroleum and natural gas, atomic minerals and minor minerals. IBM performs regulatory functions under MMDRA, 1957. NALCO is a Navratna company under the Ministry of Mines. The refinery is located at Damanjodi in Koraput district, Odisha. Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 It…
27 July, 2021
Minerals
Revival of Water Bodies Reasons: Groundwater levels in various parts of the country are declining because of continuous withdrawal necessitated by increased demand for fresh water for various uses, vagaries of rainfall, increased population, industrialization and urbanization etc. Water being a State subject, initiatives on water management including conservation & water harvesting and revival/rejuvenation of water bodies in the Country is primarily States’ responsibility. However, the important measures taken by the Central Government for conservation, management of groundwater and effective implementation of rainwater harvesting in the country are available at the following URL: click here In addition, a number of…
23 July, 2021
Water crisis
How to restore water bodies? It is for the State Governments concerned to undertake enumeration, protection and management of water bodies in their respective States. However, this Ministry undertakes a census of minor irrigation schemes from time to time, which also captures information pertaining to certain specific water bodies in the country. As per the latest census, being the 5th census of minor irrigation schemes with the reference year 2013-14, there are 5,16,303 water bodies in the rural areas of the country, which are being used for minor irrigation. Out of these, 53,396 water bodies are not in use for…
23 July, 2021
Water crisis
Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP) Phase II Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP) is a State sector scheme formulated to bridge the funding gap and provide urgent finance to States for the repair and maintenance of Dams. The scheme closed on 31st March 2021. It facilitated loans from World Bank to participating states when they agreed to the terms and conditions of the lending agency. Andhra Pradesh did not choose to be a part of it. The next phase of DRIP i.e. DRIP Phase – II & III approved by the Cabinet, is at an advanced preparatory stage. The government…
20 July, 2021
Dam
Interlinking of Rivers About Interlinking of Rivers The project of inter-linking of rivers was first proposed in the 1970s. The National Perspective Plan (NPP) was prepared by the then Ministry of Irrigation (now Ministry of Jal Shakti) in August 1980 for water resources development through inter basin transfer of water, for transferring water from water surplus basins to water-deficit basins. Under the NPP, the National Water Development Agency (NWDA) has identified 30 links (16 under the Peninsular Component and 14 under the Himalayan Component) for the preparation of Feasibility Reports (FRs). The concept has been envisaged on the fact that…
19 July, 2021
River water projects
Sugarcane Cultivation in India Sugarcane belongs to the Poaceae family of true grasses. It is a tropical and perennial grass which attains a length of 10 to 20 feet. A single plant of sugarcane has ‘many stems’ in a tuft. Since ancient times, Sugar has been produced in the local units in India using traditional Khandsari process. Modern Sugar making was introduced in India probably by Dutch. The first Sugar Mill was started in India in Bihar in 1903; followed by another unit in 1904 in Uttar Pradesh. By mid of the 20th century Sugar Industry expanded and before…
16 July, 2021
Agriculture
Mouda River Rejuvenation Case Study: Water crisis NTPC, Central Public Sector Undertaking under the Ministry of Power in Mouda, Maharashtra has helped over 150 villages in and around its operational area to overcome water crisis through a groundwater rejuvenation project. As part of its CSR initiative, NTPC Mouda is supporting the Jalyukta Shivar Yojana project which has successfully managed to turn Mouda into a water-surplus tehsil. This project was carried out by the Maharashtra wing of Art of Living along with aid from a few other organizations and the State government. Earlier Mouda, was one of the most water-deficient tehsils…
22 May, 2021
Water crisis
Glacial Lake Atlas of Ganga River Basin released The present glacial lake atlas is based on the inventoried glacial lakes in part of the Ganga River basin from its origin to the foothills of the Himalayas covering a catchment area of 2,47,109 sq. km. The study portion of the Ganga River basin covers part of India and the transboundary region. The Atlas is available on the Bhuvan portal of NRSC, ISRO (https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/nhp/ ), India WRIS Portal (www.indiawris.gov.in ) and the NHP website of DoWR, RD & GR (www.nhp.mowr.gov.in). This is an initiative under NHP, a Central Sector Scheme implemented by…
30 June, 2021
Water resources
Inland Vessels Bill, 2021 It will replace the Inland Vessels Act, of 1917. The Bill will regulate the safety, security and registration of inland vessels. A key feature of the Bill is a unified law for the entire country, instead of separate rules framed by the States. The certificate of registration granted under the proposed law will be deemed to be valid in all States and Union Territories, and there will be no need to seek separate permissions from the States. The Bill provides for a central database for recording the details of the vessel, vessel registration, and crew on…
17 June, 2021
Inland Waterways
Forest Fire The most common hazard in forests is a forest fire. Forest fires are as old as the forests themselves. They pose a threat not only to the forest wealth but also to the entire regime to fauna and flora seriously disturbing the bio-diversity and the ecology and environment of a region. During summer, when there is no rain for months, the forests become littered with dry senescent leaves and twinges, which could burst into flames ignited by the slightest spark. The Himalayan forests, particularly, Garhwal Himalayas have been burning regularly during the last few summers, with colossal loss…
23 April, 2021
Forest Fire
Ken-betwa River Linking Project The Project- The Ken-Betwa project is part of the national river linking project which proposes to connect 14 Himalayan and 16 peninsular rivers with 30 canals and 3,000 reservoirs in order to irrigate 87 million hectares of land. It has the status of a national project, as the Centre will contribute 90% of the cost. It is India’s first river linking project and will take eight years to complete. Benefits The project, the government says, will enhance the irrigation potential of the water-starved Bundelkhand region in U.P. and M.P., facilitate groundwater recharge and reduce the occurrence…
18 April, 2021
Water related policies
Purple Revolution Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu announced phase 2 of the purple revolution under the Aroma Mission, after the success of phase 1 in Doda, Jammu. Under the purple revolution, the farmers in the Doda district had their incomes quadrupled after shifting from maize to lavender cultivation. First-time farmers were given free lavender saplings and those who have cultivated lavender before were charged Rs. 5-6 per sapling. The farmers will get help from IIIM-Jammu to sell their produce. Farmers could reach the four distillation units set up by CSIR-IIIM Jammu in Doda for…
02 April, 2021
Agriculture
Major Crops Recent developments in Crops- Economic Survey Food Grains Among total imports of food grains, the % share of different crops shows that- cereals are highest followed by pulses>cashewnuts > edible oils. Food Grains Constitute 50.7% of agriculture production. Among food grains, Weightage of Cereals is 41.7%, Pulses is 8.9% Among Cereals, Weightage of Coarse Cereals is 6.9%. 296.7MT of food grains were produced in 2019-20, compared to 285.2 MT in 2018-19. Except Potato (50.2 in 2018-19 to 48.7MT in 2019-20), Jute (9.5 to 9.4 MT), Rape Seed and Mustard (9.3 to 9.1 MT) and sugarcane (405.4 to 355.7 MT), rest…
22 March, 2021
Agriculture
Water Resources About 71% of our earth is covered by water and hence our earth is called a watery planet. 97% of the earth's water is found in the oceans (Unused due to saltiness-for drinking, growing crops, and most industrial uses except for cooling). 326M cu. miles of water there on the planet. 320 million cubic miles of that is in the oceans 3% of the earth's water is fresh. 2.5% of the earth's freshwater is unavailable: locked up in glaciers, polar ice caps, atmosphere, and soil; highly polluted, or lies too far under the earth's surface to be extracted…
22 March, 2021
Water resources
MINING and MINERALS Geological Survey of India: For all minerals except Uranium (AMD). It is the largest and most comprehensive provider of basic earth science information or database. Indian Bureau of Mines, 1948: It is under the Ministry of Mines with responsibilities for conservation and systematic exploitation of mineral resources other than coal, petroleum and natural gas, atomic minerals and minor minerals. IBM performs regulatory functions under MMDRA, 1957. NALCO is a Navratna company under the Ministry of Mines. The refinery is located at Damanjodi in Koraput district, Odisha. Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 It regulates…
20 March, 2021
Minerals
Illegal Farming in Wenlock Downs Over 100 hectares of the total expanse of 1,500 hectares of the last remaining grasslands in the Wenlock Downs of Nilgiris is being slowly eroded by Todas and Kotas. This is because many of the Todas and Kotas have leased the “forest lands” to non-tribals in exchange for a small fee. There is also the question of the Forest Rights Act in this area, as to whether it would supersede the rights acknowledged under the Toda Patta lands, or whether it offers additional protection. Wenlock Downs Wenlock Downs Reserve Forest is a crucial wildlife corridor,…
19 March, 2021
Land use change
Interlinking of River Projects The project of inter-linking of rivers was first proposed in the 1970s. The National Perspective Plan (NPP) was prepared by the then Ministry of Irrigation (now Ministry of Jal Shakti) in August 1980 for water resources development through inter basin transfer of water, for transferring water from water surplus basins to water-deficit basins. Under the NPP, the National Water Development Agency (NWDA) has identified 30 links (16 under the Peninsular Component and 14 under the Himalayan Component) for the preparation of Feasibility Reports (FRs). The concept has been envisaged on the fact that Indo-Gangetic rivers are…
19 March, 2021
River water projects
What is Agro Forestry? Agroforestry is a collective name for land-use systems involving trees combined with crops and/or animals on the same unit of land. It combines Production of multiple outputs with protection of the resource base; Places emphasis on the use of multiple indigenous trees and shrubs; Particularly suitable for low-input conditions and fragile environments; It involves the interplay of socio-cultural values more than in most other land-use systems; and It is structurally and functionally more complex than monoculture. Definition Agroforestry is any sustainable land-use system that maintains or increases total yields by combining food crops (annuals) with tree…
18 March, 2021
Agroforestry
India State of Forest Report, 2019 ISFR is an assessment of the country’s forest resources every two years by the Forest Survey of India. Starting in 1987, ISFR 2019 is the 16th report. Salient findings The key findings of the ISFR 2019 are as follows: The total forest cover of the country is 7,12,249 sq km which is 21.67% of the geographical area of the country. The tree cover of the country is estimated as 95,027 sq km which is 2.89% of the geographical area The total Forest and Tree cover of the country is 8,07,276 sq km which is 24.56% of…
18 March, 2021
Indian Geography
Nag River The Nag River Pollution Abatement Project has been approved under the National River Conservation Plan. It will be implemented by the National River Conservation Directorate. The Nag River, which flows through Nagpur city, is now a highly polluted water channel of sewage and industrial waste. Origin - Western weir of Ambazari Lake in west Nagpur. Nag River is the main river along with the other, River Pili Nadi.
03 March, 2021
River system
Environment Minister inaugurates Atal Paryavaran Bhavan The Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Prakash Javadekar, inaugurated the Atal Paryavaran Bhavan at Lakshadweep on February 19, 2021. Highlights While inaugurating the Atal Paryavaran Bhavan, the minister said that Lakshadweep will undergo a comprehensive development that too without compromising the UT’s commitment to nature. He will also attend programmes at Suheli, Kadmat and Bangaram islands and evaluate major innovative initiatives of the Forest and Environment Department of the Union Territory. Suheli Par It is a coral atoll in Lakshadweep. This atoll is oval-shaped and 17 km long. It is surrounded…
01 January, 2021
Indian Geography
Aerial mapping of Islands by INCOIS The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) is planning to take the help of the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) for aerial mapping of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep to get a better picture of the ocean floor, also called ‘bathymetric’ study. “NRSC has already done a similar high-resolution topographic Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping (ALTM) for the entire coastal areas of the country and we are in the process of integrating the data for a 3D multi-hazard mapping of both the east and west coastline for a more precise picture…
26 February, 2021
Indian Geography
Sambhar Lake The Sambhar Salt Lake is India's largest inland saltwater body located near Jaipur in Rajasthan. The lake is surrounded on all sides by the Aravali hills. It is the source of most of Rajasthan's salt production. Sambhar has been designated as a Ramsar site (recognized wetland of international importance) because the wetland is a key wintering area for tens of thousands of flamingos and other birds that migrate from northern Asia.
20 February, 2021
River system
Vembanad Lake Preliminary steps have been initiated to demolish the illegally constructed villas on Nediyathuruthu island in Vembanad Lake. Vembanad is the longest lake in India and the largest lake in the state of Kerala. Its a salt-water lake. It is the second-largest Ramsar site in India only after the Sundarbans in West Bengal. Kochi Port is built around Willingdon and Vallarpadam Islands on this lake. The Government of India has identified the Vembanad wetland under the National Wetlands Conservation Programme.
14 February, 2021
Indian Geography
National Atlas & Thematic Mapping Organisation National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organization (NATMO) is a subordinate department under the Department of Science & Technology. With its headquarters in Kolkata, it is a sole national agency with the responsibility to depict national framework data in the form of thematic maps and atlases to cater for the various needs of different sectors. It has the largest repository of spatial and non-spatial data processed with greater accuracy for delivering good quality products. Main functions of this organization are : Compilation of the National Atlas of India in Hindi, English and other regional languages.…
Data on Agriculture Contribution to GDP The share of agriculture in GDP increased to 19.9 per cent in 2020-21 from 17.8 per cent in 2019-20. -ECONOMIC SURVEY(ES). While COVID-induced lockdowns adversely affected the performance of the non-agricultural sectors, the agriculture sector came up with a robust growth rate of 3.4 per cent at constant prices during 2020-21. During 2020-21, while the GVA for the entire economy contracted by 7.2 per cent, Growth in GVA for agriculture maintained a positive growth of 3.4 per cent. 54.6 per cent of the total workforce in the country is still engaged in agricultural and…
19 February, 2021
Agriculture
Concern Among People of Lahaul-Spiti After Glacial Outburst in Uttarakhand The concern is about the Tandi project on the Chandra-Bhaga River Basin after the Uttarakhand flooding debacle. Other Proposed projects in Lahul-Spiti are Rashil (102 MW), Bardang (126 MW), Miyar (90 MW) and Jispa. Chenab River- Source: It rises in the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh state. The river is formed by the confluence of two rivers, Chandra and Bhaga, at Tandi, 8 km southwest of Keylong, in the Lahaul and Spiti district. The Bhaga river originates from Surya taal lake, which is situated a few kilometres west of the Bara-lacha la pass in Himachal Pradesh.…
11 February, 2021
Dam
Data on Minerals Types of mining: Open Cast and Underground mining Highlights World’s largest producer of mica blocks and mica splitting. World’s 2nd largest producer of crude steel in Jan-dec2019. 2nd rank among the chromate producers of the world. 3rd in production of Coal & Lignite, Chromite. 5th in Manganese ore production. Bauxite: 5th in production. The mineral production (excluding atomic minerals and Minor Minerals) in India increased by 2.9% as per Index of Mineral Production during 2018-19. Minerals & Associated Industries Reserves Mines Production (India & World) Iron Core Industry Haematite:80% in Eastern Sector. OD(34%)>JH(23%)>CG(22%)>KA(11%)>GOA(5%)OD:…
17 February, 2021
Minerals
Floods in Dhauliganga River Attributed to Climate Change Glacier retreat and permafrost thaw are being touted as possible reasons for the flooding of the Dhauliganga river Environmental experts attributed the Nanda Devi glacial melt to global warming. Glacier retreat and permafrost thaw are projected to decrease the stability of the mountain slopes and increase the number and area of glacier lakes The number and area of glacier lakes will continue to increase and develop closer to steep and unstable mountain walls, where lake outbursts can be more easily triggered.
08 February, 2021
Floods management
The problem of ageing dams Dams and reservoirs are believed to secure our water needs for the future. However, data and studies show that they can threaten our water security. Here is how. It is not a secret anymore that India’s dams are now ageing and concomitantly, reservoir water is being replaced by soil, technically known as silt or sediment. Becoming obsolete India is ranked third in the world in terms of building large dams. Of the over 5,200 large dams built so far, about 1,100 large dams have already reached 50 years of age and some are older than…
01 February, 2021
Dam
Megacity plan for Little Andaman The proposed construction of a mega financial-tourist complex on Little Andaman Island will place at risk a fragile ecosystem and result in habitat loss of the vulnerable Onge tribe and rare wildlife A plan for the sustainable and holistic development of the 680 sq km, fragile Little Andaman Island in the Andaman and Nicobar group has raised the alarm among conservationists. The ‘Sustainable Development of Little Andaman Island - Vision Document’, is the NITI Aayog’s proposal to leverage the strategic location and natural features of the island. This, the vision says, will be done by…
01 February, 2021
Indian Geography
Vanadium reserves in Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh, considered a sleeping hydropower giant, is likely to become India’s prime producer of vanadium, a high-value metal used in strengthening steel and titanium. Exploration is carried out by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) has placed the eastern Himalayan State on the vanadium map of the country, and geologists are confident of identifying a deposit soon. India is a significant consumer of vanadium but is not a primary producer of the strategic metal. It is recovered as a by-product from the slag collected from the processing of vanadiferous magnetite ores (iron ore), GSI…
11 January, 2021
Indian Geography
The Ken-Betwa Link Project The Ken-Betwa Link Project (KBLP) is the River interlinking project that aims to transfer surplus water from the Ken river in MP to Betwa in UP to irrigate the drought-prone Bundelkhand region spread across the districts of two states mainly Jhansi, Banda, Lalitpur and Mahoba districts of UP and Tikamgarh, Panna and Chhatarpur districts of MP. Ken-Betwa is one of the 30 rivers interlinking projects conceived across the country. The project has been delayed due to political and environmental issues Ken and Betwa rivers originate in MP and are the tributaries of Yamuna. Ken meets with…
10 January, 2021
Water resources
List of all valleys of India Dzukou Valley wildfire The wildfire at Dzukou Valley, straddling the Manipur-Nagaland border, has been doused after it raged for two weeks, officials said on Monday. No fresh fire or smoke was visible. The Dzukou Valley, situated at an average altitude of 2,452 metres, is a popular trekking destination known for its exotic flowers. #joinourtelegram# List of all valleys of India Araku Valley = Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Barak Valley = Assam Chumbi Valley = Tibet, China, the intersection of India (Sikkim), Bhutan and China (Tibet) in the Himalayas Doon Valley = Lower Himalayas, Uttarakhand Dzüko…
12 January, 2021
Indian Geography
What is Chillai Kalan? The most severe part of the winter in Kashmir consists of three months. It is divided into three parts called the Chilas:- The Chillai Kalan, the Chillai Khurd, and the Challai Bache. Chillai-Kalan is the 40-day period of harsh winter. Chillai-Kalan begins on December 21 and ends on January 31 next year. Chillai-Kalan is followed by a 20-day long Chillai-Khurd (small cold) that occurs between January 31 and February 19 and a 10-day long Chillai-Bachha (baby cold) which is from February 20 to March 2. Chillai Kalan usually brings snowfall, and sub-zero temperatures causing freezing of…
22 December, 2020
Indian Geography
5th India Water Impact Summit (IWIS) GS-Paper-1 Resource management (MINS-I.V) Organized by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) and Center for Ganga River Basin Management and Studies (cGanga) has held virtually. India Water Impact 2020 is hosting experts and academicians from all over the world to discuss and debate issues related to water conservation, water security and river rejuvenation. Theme: Comprehensive analysis and holistic management of local rivers and water bodies with focus on Arth Ganga - river conservation synchronised development. At the event, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research signed a MoU with cGanga for development of a sludge management framework in India. 2019 summit: Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India…
17 December, 2020
Water resources
Protected Special Agriculture Zone - Cauvery Delta GS-Paper-1 Geography (PT-MAINS) Tamil Nadu government has declared the Cauvery delta region as a Protected Special Agriculture Zone. What is a Protected Agriculture Zone? Declaring as a Protected Special Agriculture Zone ensures that a particular region will not be granted permission for any new projects like those related to hydrocarbons. Only Agro-based Industries would be given permission to be built. The protected zone includes eight districts namely Thanjavur (Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu), Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Pudukottai, Cuddalore, Ariyalur, Karur, and Tiruchirapalli. Such a declaration will prevent non-agrarian projects in the region. The Government has emphasized that central projects on hydrocarbon exploration in the delta region cannot be implemented…
17 December, 2020
River system
Shahtoot Dam India set to build the Shahtoot Dam in Afghanistan, providing drinking water for 2 million residents of Kabul. The dam would come upon the Maidan river tributary of the Kabul river.
28 November, 2020
Dam
Copyright 2023 CLT TECHNOLOGIES AND EDU-PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED. All rights reserved.
24 × 7 Support : 8287714422
Whatsapp : 8010068998
Email Us: query@aspireias.com
