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UPSC Courses

Decentralized governance

Decentralized governance

Strengthening Cooperative Movement in India

Strengthening Cooperative Movement in India The formulation of a strategy to create functional grass-roots organizations in each untapped Panchayat has been given the Union Cabinet's approval as a way to enhance the cooperative movement in the nation. To promote the cooperative movement, the Centre authorized a plan to establish 2 lakh Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS), dairy, and fishery cooperatives nationwide during the following five years. More On the news: A plan to establish functional Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) in each untapped Panchayat has been approved by the Union Cabinet. Each uncovered Panchayat/village should have functional dairy cooperatives, and…

18 February, 2023 Decentralized governance

Decentralising MGNREGS

Decentralising MGNREGS The decentralisation of MGNREGS has recently been recommended by an internal study that the Ministry of Rural Development had commissioned. Significant findings of the study The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) should be decentralised, according to the study, as this will give local officials more "flexibility." •It was the sixth Common Review Mission's report. •The report examined Jammu and Kashmir's Union Territory as well as seven States, including Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Nagaland, Gujarat, Jharkhand, and Himachal Pradesh. •The goal of the report was to evaluate how well all rural development programmes, including the…

02 November, 2022 Decentralized governance

Grants for Urban Local Bodies

Grants for Urban Local Bodies The Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance has released an amount of Rs. 685.80 crores to 4 States for providing grants to the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).  Out of this, an amount of Rs.494 crore has been released to Uttar Pradesh, Rs.110.20 crore to Gujarat, Rs. 74.80 crore to Jharkhand and Rs.6.80 crore to Mizoram. Grants for Urban Local Bodies have been released as per the recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission.  They are aimed at improving basic civic services including fulfilling location-specific felt needs. These grants are intended for smaller (Non-Million Plus) cities including…

06 August, 2021 Decentralized governance

Integrated Multi-purpose infrastructure Development Corporation for Ladakh

Integrated Multi-purpose infrastructure Development Corporation for Ladakh Background Consequent upon re-organisation of the erstwhile State of Jammu and Kashmir as per the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, the Union Territory of Ladakh (without Legislature) came into existence on 31.10.2019. An Advisory Committee was constituted under section 85 of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019 for making recommendations regarding the apportionment of the assets and liabilities of the erstwhile State of Jammu and Kashmir between the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, and the Union Territory of Ladakh. The said Committee inter-alia recommended for the establishment of an Integrated…

22 July, 2021 Decentralized governance

Ministry of Cooperation: Critical Analysis

Ministry of Cooperation: Critical Analysis In a historic move, a separate ‘Ministry of Co-operation’ has been created by the Modi Government for realizing the vision of ‘Sahkar se Samriddhi’. This ministry will provide a separate administrative, legal and policy framework for strengthening the cooperative movement in the country. It will help deepen Co-operatives as a true people based movement reaching upto the grassroots. In our country, a Co-operative based economic development model is very relevant where each member works with a spirit of responsibility. The Ministry will work to streamline processes for ‘Ease of doing business’ for co-operatives and enable…

21 July, 2021 Decentralized governance

Cabinet creates a new and separate “Ministry of Cooperation”

Cabinet creates a new and separate “Ministry of Cooperation” In a historic move, a separate ‘Ministry of Co-operation’ has been created by the Modi Government for realizing the vision of ‘Sahkar se Samriddhi’. This ministry will provide a separate administrative, legal and policy framework for strengthening the cooperative movement in the country. It will help deepen Co-operatives as a true people-based movement reaching up to the grassroots. In our country, a Co-operative based economic development model is very relevant where each member works with a spirit of responsibility. The Ministry will work to streamline processes for ‘Ease of doing business…

07 July, 2021 Decentralized governance

Cooperative federalism and COVID-19

Cooperative federalism and COVID-19 Introduction Instead of dictating how States deal with the pandemic, the Centre must be a facilitator Covid-19 case load India’s national positivity rate, or the proportion of tested cases returning positive, is around 21%. Vaccination drive coverage Couple that with the faltering vaccination drive, and the picture is far from pretty. On April 12, India administered 3.7 million doses of vaccine and after April 26, it has failed to administer over 3 million doses a day. Ever since the vaccine drive was expanded to all adults over 18, on May 1, the maximum number of daily…

13 May, 2021 Decentralized governance

India’s revisit to Covid-19 vaccination policy

India’s revisit to Covid-19 vaccination policy Introduction The Centre must revisit its policy by procuring 100% of the vaccine doses which can then be equitably disbursed to the State governments. Reasons to revisit policy The States were indeed thoughtless to ask for an immediate expansion of vaccination to all adults, beyond the 45-plus years priority group Indeed, the Centre is currently threatening to penalise States that are not administering sufficient second doses. To begin with, at a time when the Centre is deciding which manufacturer of Remdesivir, hitherto a competitively marketed drug with multiple manufacturers, will sell how much to…

13 May, 2021 Decentralized governance

GNCT Bill,2020-An extraordinary legislative misadventure

GNCT Bill,2020-An extraordinary legislative misadventure Legislative misadventure If the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2021, which has been passed by the Lok Sabha, is enacted, the little large Indians of the national capital may as well keep off the polling booths, for their vote will be rendered meaningless. This Bill is an extraordinary legislative misadventure. It states the opposite of what the apex court said when it interpreted Article 239AA of the Constitution. Contents of the Bill The Bill says the expression “Government” referred to in any law to be made by the Legislative Assembly in…

24 March, 2021 Decentralized governance

Government of NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2021

Government of NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2021 Introduction The Government of NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2021 will reduce the elected government to a mere vestigial organ LG’s exception to Parliamentary form of govt. in India The government in India is run in the name of President and Governors. They can do almost nothing by themselves, without the aid and advice of their cabinet of Ministers. However, the Lieutenant Governor (LG) of Delhi, will likely be an exception soon. Parliamentary democracy, with a cabinet form of government, is part of the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. Its first…

23 March, 2021 Decentralized governance

Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act, 1991 to be amended

Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act, 1991 to be amended Introduction Bill to amend GNCTD Act is a rollback of the notion of representative government The Centre’s Bill seeking to amend the law relating to the running of the National Capital Territory of Delhi claims that it is aimed at giving effect to the interpretation given by the Supreme Court judgments on Delhi’s governance structure. The Bill, if it becomes law, will wholly undermine the Court’s efforts to strengthen the elected government vis-à-vis the appointed Lieutenant Governor. Supreme court’s verdict The proposed changes are the very antithesis of…

20 March, 2021 Decentralized governance

"Mera Ration" Mobile App

"Mera Ration" Mobile App Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution on March 12, 2021 launched "Mera Ration" Mobile App for those ration card holders who migrate to new places in search of livelihood (migrant workers). Currently, 32 States and Union Territories are covered under One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC) and the remaining four States and UTs are expected to be integrated into the scheme in the next few months. The One Nation One Ration Card system covers almost 69 crore National Food Security Act (NFSA) beneficiaries in the country. The beneficiaries will be able to use…

13 March, 2021 Decentralized governance

Municipal Performance Index 2020

Municipal Performance Index 2020 The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs released the final rankings of the Municipal Performance Index 2020. The MPI has classified municipalities based on their population as- Million+ category (Municipalities having over a million population) - Indore (Top), Surat, Bhopal. Less than Million Population category (Municipalities with a population of less than a million) - New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) (Top), Tirupati and Gandhinagar. Five verticals - Services, Finance, Policy, Technology and Governance. The MPI is an effort to assess and analyse the performance of Indian municipalities based on their defined set of functions.

05 March, 2021 Decentralized governance

Fine-tuning the State-of-the-app technology

Fine-tuning the State-of-the-app technology Context WhatsApp had announced an upcoming change to its privacy policy, which led to growing concerns around privacy among many users, and who started switching over to other messaging services such as Signal and Telegram. Platforms and COVID-19 The issue of privacy is crucial for government technology platforms and services as governments typically have a monopoly in providing public services, unlike the private sector. Hence, “porting out” or “digital migration”, as seen in the case of WhatsApp, is not an option in case of public technology platforms. What is needed instead, is an examination of government…

10 February, 2021 Decentralized governance

Clear the fog, draw up a clear vaccination policy

Clear the fog, draw up a clear vaccination policy Herd effect of vaccination Vaccines play a major role in human mastery over infectious diseases. Vaccine can induce immunity only in the vaccinated individual. So, vaccination is ‘preventive medicine’. When a vaccine is rolled out as a national or global programme and increasing proportions of people are vaccinated, ‘herd immunity’ level increases and disease frequency decreases in the vaccinated population. That decelerates transmission of the microbe in the whole community, resulting in decreasing disease frequency even in the unvaccinated segment of population — a phenomenon called the ‘herd effect’ of vaccination.…

30 November, 2020 Decentralized governance

Andhra Pradesh’s capital conundrums

Andhra Pradesh’s capital conundrums Context As per the Andhra Pradesh Decentralisation and Inclusive Development of All Regions Bill, 2020, the State will have Visakhapatnam, Amaravati and Kurnool respectively as the executive, legislative and judicial capitals of the State. The matter has become contentious along political party lines and the Bill is facing myriad legal and procedural challenges. The proposal is set to replace the ambitious plan of the previous government, led by the Telugu Desam Party (TDP), of building Amaravati as a world-class greenfield capital city. K.C. Sivaramakrishnan (KCS) Committee It is necessary to acknowledge the origins of the three-capital…

17 November, 2020 Decentralized governance

Enabling people to govern themselves

Enabling people to govern themselves By, Arun Maira was a member of the Planning Commission Context - Governance systems at all levels, i.e. global, national, and local, have experienced stress as a fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic. - Breakdowns in many subsystems had to be managed at the same time — in health care, logistics, business, finance, and administration. - The complexity of handling so many subsystems at the same time have overwhelmed governance. Solutions for one subsystem backfired on other subsystems. For example, lockdowns to make it easier to manage the health crisis have made it harder to manage…

14 July, 2020 Decentralized governance

The critical role of decentralised responses- PRI- Fiscal Federalism

The critical role of decentralised responses GS-PAPER-2 Governance M.A. Oommen is an Honorary Fellow, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram Strategies in tackling the COVID-19 crisis must include local governments being equipped and fiscally empowered Context The novel coronavirus pandemic has brought home the critical role of local governments and decentralised responses. In terms of information, monitoring and immediate action, local governments are at an advantage, and eminently, to meet any disaster such as COVID-19. While imposing restrictive conditionalities on States availing themselves of the enhanced borrowing limits (3.5% to 5% of Gross State Domestic Product, or GSDP) for 2020-21 is unwarranted,…

10 June, 2020 Decentralized governance

Common Services Centre (CSC)

Common Services Centre (CSC) Part of: GS-II- Governance (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) Common Services Centre (CSC) programme is an initiative of the Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY), Government of India. CSCs are the access points for delivery of various electronic services to villages in India, thereby contributing to a digitally and financially inclusive society. CSCs are more than service delivery points in rural India. They are positioned as change agents, promoting rural entrepreneurship and building rural capacities and livelihoods. They are enablers of community participation and collective action for engendering social change through a bottom-up approach with key focus on the…

29 April, 2020 Decentralized governance

PM asks Gram Panchayats to use digital platforms for better prices for village produce

PM asks Gram Panchayats to use digital platforms for better prices for village produce Part of: GS-II- Governance and Decentralized governance (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) On National Panchayati Raj Day 24th April, the Prime Minister launched the e-Gramswaraj Portal and Mobile app as a portal to prepare and plan Gram Panchayat Development Plans. He said that the portal will ensure real time monitoring and accountability. The portal is a major step towards digitization down to the Gram Panchayat level. The Swamitva scheme was also launched in pilot mode in 6 states to map rural inhabited lands using drones and latest survey methods.…

25 April, 2020 Decentralized governance

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