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COVID-19 and EPFO - LABOUR REFORMS Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- ECONOMY-EPFO (PT-MAINS-PERSONALITY TEST) EPFO processes around 1.3 lakh claims, disburse to help fight corona to the subscriber Employees Provident Fund Organization, EPFO, has processed about 1.37 lakh claims disbursing 279.65 crore rupees under a new provision to help subscribers fight COVID-19. This provision was especially formulated by amending the EPF Scheme. The remittances of the money have already started taking p
13 April, 2020 The face of the exploitation-Poor state of Migrant workers Introduction As thousands of migrant workers walk across India in a desperate attempt to reunite with their families, States are providing greater relaxation of labour laws to appear ‘industry-friendly. U.P., for instance, has cleared an ordinance exempting businesses and industries from labour laws, except for a handful, for three years. The Centre has done the same through its many circulars and clarifications
11 May, 2020 What labour law changes mean Introduction As the economy struggles with the lockdown and thousands of firms and workers stare at an uncertain future, some state governments last week decided to make significant changes in the application of labour laws. The most significant changes were announced by three BJP-ruled states — UP, MP and Gujarat. On the face of it, these changes are being brought about to incentivise economic activity in the respective states. Keeping aside t
11 May, 2020 Equal freedom and forced labour By, Gautam Bhatia is a Delhi-based lawyer The idea of Fundamental Rights Soon after Independence, while the Constitution of a free India was being drafted, Dr B.R. Ambedkar, the chairperson of the Drafting Committee, was asked to prepare a note on the idea of Fundamental Rights. In a terse document, B.R. Ambedkar observed that thus far, the purpose of Constitutions had been to limit state power, in order to preserve the freedom of the individual.
12 May, 2020 Provide income support, restore jobs By, Radhika Kapoor and R. Nagaraj work with the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi and the Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai, respectively Introduction Following the adage, “never waste a crisis”, the government of Uttar Pradesh, last week, introduced an ordinance that has scrapped most labour laws for three years. State Government’s relaxation of lab
14 May, 2020 Stop the return to laissez-faire By, R. Vaigai and Anna Mathew are advocates practising at the Madras High Court Introduction Through the public health crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic, we are witness to another massive tragedy — of workers being abandoned by their employers and by the state. Problems of migrant workers 1. The workers’ right to go home was curbed using the Disaster Management Act, of 2005. 2. No provisions were made for their food, shelter,
15 May, 2020 Will migrant workers benefit from the Centre’s measures? Introduction In her second tranche of COVID-19 relief package announcements, Finance Minister announced the steps taken by the government for migrants and farmers during the national lockdown, including free rations for stranded workers. Acknowledging the significance of the MGNREGS during the pandemic, she said it had helped provide jobs to returning workers in rural areas and advised States to continue the process during
17 May, 2020 Labour rights are in free fall By, Anamitra Roychowdhury teaches at the Jawaharlal Nehru University and is the author of the book, Labour Law Reforms in India: All in the Name of Jobs Introduction As India slowly attempts to lift its nationwide lockdown, under the compulsion of reviving the economy, labour rights are disappearing at an astonishing pace. Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat took the lead in suspending crucial labour laws for varying lengths of time. Undemocr
18 May, 2020 SWADES (Skilled Workers Arrival Database for Employment Support) With the aim of making the best of our skilled workforce returning to the country due to the ongoing pandemic, the Government of India has launched a new initiative SWADES (Skilled Workers Arrival Database for Employment Support) to conduct a skill mapping exercise for the returning citizens under the Vande Bharat Mission. This is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship, the Ministry
04 June, 2020 The Urban Learning Internship Program (TULIP) Ministry of Human Resource Development, Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, and All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) have jointly launched an online portal for `The Urban Learning Internship Program (TULIP)’ - A program for providing internship opportunities to fresh graduates in all Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and Smart Cities across the country. About The Urban Learning Internship Program (TULIP) TULIP
05 June, 2020 Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) – Annual Report [July 2018 – June 2019] Introduction Considering the importance of the availability of labour force data at more frequent time intervals, National Statistical Office (NSO) launched the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) in April 2017. Objective of PLFS The objective of PLFS is primarily twofold: to estimate the key employment and unemployment indicators (viz. Worker Population Ratio, Labour Force Parti
05 June, 2020 Atma Nirbhar Uttar Pradesh Rojgar Abhiyan The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on the workforce in general and migrant workers in particular. A large number of migrant workers returned to several states. The challenge of containing Covid-19 was compounded by the need to provide basic amenities and means of livelihood to migrants and rural workers. In order to generate employment with a thrust toward creating infrastructure in backward regions of the country, Garib Ka
26 June, 2020 Reset rural job policies, recognise women’s work By, Madhura Swaminathan is Professor at the Economic Analysis Unit, Indian Statistical Institute Context * The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on women’s work, but official statistics do not capture women’s work adequately and accurately. Important Data * A survey by the Azim Premji University, of 5,000 workers across 12 States — of whom 52% were women workers — found that women w
04 July, 2020 Rolling back the induced livelihood shock By, Sumit Mazumdar is a Research Fellow, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, U.K. Indranil is an Associate Professor, School of Government and Public Policy, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana Context * Several news reports and surveys on the plight of India’s less-privileged workforce during the lockdown have highlighted the massive scale of falling incomes and loss of means of livelihood. * Many have been pu
07 July, 2020 A case for extension: On rural jobs scheme * The finding that 8.4 lakh poor households have completed at least 80 days of the 100-day limit for work under the MGNREGS and 1.4 lakh among those who have completed the full quota, should come as no surprise. * While these numbers are a fraction of the 4.6 crore households which have benefited from MGNREGS this year, the fact that many poor households have nearly completed their full quota of employment under the scheme in just the last two mo
09 July, 2020 ASEEM portal Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship today launched Aatamanirbhar Skilled Employee-Employer Mapping (ASEEM) portal to help skilled people find sustainable livelihood opportunities. The portal will map details of workers based on regions and local industry demands and will bridge demand-supply gap of skilled workforce across sectors. ASEEM portal will provide employers with a platform to assess the availability of a skilled workforce and formulate their hiring
11 July, 2020 Labour’s data lost Context: Recently the Code on Social Security; the Code on Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions; and the Code on Industrial Relations and Code on Wages. The four labour codes together subsume more than 40 labour laws. Labour force in India: There are nearly 50 crores ‘informal’ workers in India and informal workers contribute nearly 50% of the GDP. As per the 2017 Economic Survey, there are about 14 crore migrants, half
15 October, 2020 Code debate Context: The parliament has passed three codes aimed at consolidating diverse labour laws. They are the Industrial Relations Code, the Social Security Code and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020. News: The June 2002 report of the 2nd National Commission on Labour is the root of the idea of consolidated labour codes. The broad vision has been to give an impetus to economic activity without adversely affecting the interests of work
26 September, 2020 ESI Scheme extended to Arunachal Pradesh The ESI Scheme stands implemented in 568 districts in all the States and Union Territories, except Lakshadweep. Recently, the central government has extended the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Scheme to Arunachal Pradesh, with effect from 1st November 2020. Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Scheme provides social protection to workers and their dependents, in the organised sector, in contingencies, such as sickness, maternity and death
27 October, 2020 A recipe to tear down trade unions Context This article analyses the critical impacts of the Industrial Relations Code on the Worker's unions and how it can go against Article 43A of the Constitution of India. The Codes also ignored the substantive recommendations of the Parliamentary Standing Committee. What is common to all the four codes is that they dilute workers’ rights in favour of employers’ rights, and together undermine the very idea of workers’ right
16 November, 2020 Fallen through the cracks Context The year 2020 marks the anniversary of two major events concerning the status of women. First, it is nearly fifty years since the Committee on the Status of Women in India (CSWI) submitted the report ‘Towards Equality’ to the United Nations (UN), which focused on women-sensitive policymaking in India, providing a fresh perspective on gender equality. Second, it is the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Platform for Action, a benchm
17 November, 2020 The ‘Time Use Survey’ as an opportunity lost Context The all India Time Use Survey, 2019 has just been published by the Government of India. As a survey that has covered the entire country for the first time, the National Statistical Office needs to be complimented for accomplishing the task. Time Use Survey The “Time Use Survey, or TUS, provides a framework for measuring time dispositions by the population on different activities. Its primary objectiv
21 November, 2020 Labour Codes and Labour Reforms Labour Reforms Context: Labour is an important topic of UPSC GS Paper II and Paper III in the Mains Examination. Recent Labour Codes are highly important even for Essay. Labour is in the Concurrent List in Schedule 7 of the Constitution. Hence, both the Parliament and the state legislatures can enact laws on it. Before the new labour codes were passed, there were more than 40 central laws and more than 100 state laws on labour and rel
24 December, 2020 Labour issues - Winstron iPhone assembly issue Analysis of Winstron iPhone assembly issue On December 12, contract workers ransacked Wistron’s iPhone assembly factory in Karnataka, at Narsapura in Kolar district, about 80 kilometres from Bengaluru. The factory employed about 2,000 permanent workers and 7,000 contract workers. The factory does not have a labour union. What is the reason for violence? The reason is said to be the reported non-payment, or only p
26 December, 2020 Labour laws in India The Union Labour and Employment Ministry is likely to appoint legal consultants this month to look at whether the States’ labour laws are in consonance with the Centre’s four new labour codes, according to senior Ministry officials. The codes on wages, social security, industrial relations and occupational safety, health and working conditions could be implemented before the April 1 target. Labour and Employment Secretary Apurva Chandra told that the r
19 January, 2021 SAKSHAM (Shramik Shakti Manch) SAKSHAM (Shramik Shakti Manch) is an initiative of the Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC). It is a dynamic job portal for mapping the skills of Shramiks (Labourers). It will help in identifying skill proficiency levels and developing Skill Cards for Shramiks. It will directly connect Shramiks with MSMEs eliminating middlemen/ labour contractors. It will facilitate the placement of 10 lakh blue-collar
12 February, 2021 International Labour Day and Labour Reforms Context: Labour is an important topic of UPSC GS Paper II and Paper III in Mains Examination. Recent Labour Codes are highly important even for Essay. Labour is in the Concurrent List in Schedule 7 of the Constitution. Hence, both the Parliament and the state legislatures can enact laws on it. International Labour Day Every year 1st May is observed as May Day and is also known as International Labour Day wo
01 May, 2021 Lives versus livelihoods Introduction Strict to moderate lockdowns are being imposed terminating jobs in many an establishment employing large numbers of informal workers. Of those employed in the informal category, large numbers include migrants who face a bleak future, with job losses, loss of rented accommodations, a lack of sustainable income and savings to ensure food, transportation back to villages or any other emergency including falling victim to COVI-19. Grim to grimmer
05 May, 2021 Labour Reforms Context: Labour is an important topic of UPSC GS Paper II and Paper III in Mains Examination. Recent Labour Codes are highly important even for Essay. Labour is in the Concurrent List in Schedule 7 of the Constitution. Hence, both the Parliament and the state legislatures can enact laws on it. Before the new labour codes were passed, there were more than 40 central laws and more than 100 state laws on labour and related matters. The Second National Com
07 June, 2021 Recently Infosys founder N.R. Narayana Murthy sparked a debate, urging young Indians to work 70 hours per week. Status of Working Hours in India As per Time Use Survey 2019, urban Indians aged 15-29, work 8.5 hours a day on average, with Uttarakhand ranking first at 9.6 hours a day. Rural Indians work 7.2 hours a day on average. Factories Act 1948- Every adult (a person who has completed 18 years of age) cannot work for more than 48 hours
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