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Bru crisis and their displacement to Tripura

Context: 2 community groups in Tripura have opposed the resettlement of Brus from Mizoram to Tripura. A joint team of the Nagarik Suraksha Mancha, mostly representing Bengali people displaced from the erstwhile East Pakistan post partition in 1947 . Northern Tripura has a sizeable Mizo population concentrated in the subdivision’s Jampui Hill area. Who are Brus? The Brus spread across Tripura, Mizoram and parts of southern Assam--are the most populous tribe in Tripura. I

Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA),2010

FCRA Context A decision by the U.S. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to donate $3.6 million to Indian labs and research agencies to assist in countering COVID-19 pandemic could run into delays, given that the agency has been placed on a “watch list” since Decemver 2019. About FCRA Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) is a consolidating act passed by the Government of India in the year 2010. It seeks to regulate the foreign contributions or donations a

Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Sachet and two interceptor boats (IBs) C-450 and C-451

Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Sachet and two interceptor boats (IBs) C-450 and C-451 Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Sachet and two interceptor boats (IBs) C-450 and C-451 have been commissioned. The ICGS Sachet, the first in the series of five offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) has been designed & built indigenously by Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) and is fitted with state-of-the-art navigation and communication equipment. Indian Coast Guard is the fourth largest Coast Guard in the world

Defence Testing Infrastructure Scheme

Defence Testing Infrastructure Scheme The projects under the scheme will be provided with up to 75% government funding in the form of a ‘Grant-in-Aid’. Defence Testing Infrastructure Scheme (DTIS) is launched with an outlay of? 400 crore for creating state-of-the-art testing infrastructure for the domestic defence and aerospace manufacturing sector. The Scheme would run for the duration of five years and envisages setting up six to eight new test facilities

Nuclear Command Authority (NCA)

Nuclear Command Authority (NCA) It is responsible for command, control and operational decisions regarding India's nuclear weapons programme. The organisational structure of NCA includes Political Council and Executive Council. Executive Council is headed by the National Security Advisor and Political Council is headed by Prime Minister. The Executive Council gives its opinion to the Political Council, which authorises a nuclear attack when deemed necessary. This kind of organisat

Missile Park 'Agneeprastha' to be set up at INS Kalinga

Missile Park 'Agneeprastha' to be set up at INS Kalinga Foundation Stone for a Missile Park "AGNEEPRASTHA" was laid at INS Kalinga . The Park also commemorates the award of the prestigious Unit Citation to INS Kalinga for the year 2018-19. ‘AGNEEPRASTHA’ aims to capture glimpses of Missile History of INS Kalinga since 1981 till date.  The Missile Park has been set up with a replica of missiles and Ground Support Equipment (GSE) that showcase the ev

Line of Actual Control: where it is located, and where India and China differ

Line of Actual Control: where it is located, and where India and China differ As tensions continue between India and China along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), a look at what the line means on the ground and the disagreements over it: What is the Line of Actual Control? The LAC is the demarcation that separates Indian-controlled territory from Chinese-controlled territory. India considers the LAC to be 3,488 km long, while the Chinese consider it to be only around 2,000 km. I

A case to exempt GST in Central Police Canteens

A case to exempt GST in Central Police Canteens By, M.P. Nathanael is Inspector General of Police (Retd), Central Reserve Police Force Context # Union Home Minister Amit Shah announced in early May that only indigenous products will be sold in all Central Police Canteens run by the Central Armed Police Force (CAPF). # This is a welcome step in keeping with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s directive to promote indigenously manufactured products, or swadeshi products, in India. As

Drug abuse amidst pandemic

Drug abuse amidst pandemic By, Ghada Waly is the Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Introduction # More people are using drugs, and more illicit drugs are available than ever. # The economic downturn caused by the global pandemic may drive more people to substance abuse or leave them vulnerable to involvement in drug trafficking and related crime. # In the global recession that followed the 2008 financial crisis, drug users sought out cheaper synt

Locals mark 6 places for settling Bru refugees

Locals mark 6 places for settling Bru refugees Context: Six places have been proposed by the non-Brus of Tripura for settling the displaced Brus from Mizoram. Limits have also been placed for the number of families to be accommodated in two subdivisions that have borne the brunt of the 23-year-old refugee crisis. There are 7 relief camps among which the Bru families are distributed in these two subdivisions. Concerns: Non-Bru groups have been maintaining that the Brus wer

The right balance

The right balance Introduction Following the Shaheen Bagh protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act 2019, the Supreme Court has ventured to hold that any such indefinite blockade of a public pathway is unacceptable. The Court’s view arises from a straightforward balancing of two contrasting rights — the right to protest and the right to free movement. It has ruled that the administration must take action to remove encroachments and obstructions placed during such pr

Tech tact

Tech tact Context: The government has blocked 43 more mobile apps, including major Chinese ones citing threats to national security, integrity and sovereignty. Details Following escalation of tensions with China at the border, India has blocked over 250 Chinese mobile apps, a bunch at a time, on the grounds that they have been engaging in activities which are prejudicial to the sovereignty and integrity of India, defence of India, security of the state and public order.

Protest Against Bru Resettlement

Protest Against Bru Resettlement Recently, parts of north Tripura have witnessed violent protests over the proposed resettlement of Bru tribals. Background: Bru or Reang is a community indigenous to Northeast India, living mostly in Tripura, Mizoram and Assam. In Tripura, they are recognised as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group. In Mizoram, they have been targeted by groups that do not consider them indigenous to the state. In 1997, following ethnic clashes, nearly 37,000 Br

Information Fusion Center - Indian Ocean Region (IFC - IOR)

Information Fusion Center - Indian Ocean Region (IFC - IOR) IFC IOR was set up by the Indian Navy in 2018 within the premises of the Information Management and Analysis Center (IMAC), Gurugram to track maritime movements in the region. It is for coastal surveillance and monitoring.   It is a single-point centre linking all coastal radar chains to generate a seamless real-time picture of the 7500 km coastline. France is the 1st country to deploy LO at IFC-IOR followed by the

Super Hornet Jets being tested for Navy's use

Super Hornet fighter jets being tested for Navy use The F/A-18 E/F Super Hornet is the world’s most lethal, advanced, combat-proven, multi-role frontline fighter jet. The Block III version which is currently being manufactured for the United States Navy will enable the Indian armed forces to challenge the next generation of adversaries. Hornet would do well with the Indian Navy’s Short Takeoff but Arrested Recovery (STOBAR) system and validate earlier simulation studies done

Shaheen IX Exercise

Shaheen IX Exercise The air forces of Pakistan and China on Wednesday commenced a joint exercise designed to deepen practical cooperation and improve the actual-combat training level of the two sides. The joint air force exercise "Shaheen (Eagle)-IX" started on Wednesday at an operational air base of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) in Sindh province. Shaheen-IX is the ninth in the series of Joint Air Exercises which is conducted each year in both countries on an alternate

Inner Line Permit - NE India- Manipur issue

Inner Line Permit – UPSC According to the Constitution of India, all Indian citizens are free to live and work in any state of the country, but entry to certain states with a protected status requires authorisation by the concerned state government i.e special permissions are required to visit these areas. Such a permit authorising an Indian citizen to enter a protected area is referred to as an 'inner line permit' as it grants entry to areas lying between the international

Akash missile to be exported

Akash missile to be exported As part of efforts to boost defence exports, the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the export of the indigenously developed and manufactured Akash short-range Surface to Air Missile (SAM) system. It also approved the high-level committee formed to expedite the clearance of such exports. Besides Akash, there was interest coming in for other major platforms such as the Coastal Surveillance System, radars and air platforms, the

Analysis of Fake news in India

Analysis of Fake news in India Disinformation, or “fake news”, is a malaise that has been worsened by the infodemic of the social media age. The reasons are the four Ps of power, profit, profound public disagreement and platforms will continue to drive disinformation in 2021. Fake news keeps increasing because political parties have found out that if you put out organised disinformation, then any political narrative can be controlled. At the same time, even tho

Border Security: ‘Smart walls’ for Indian borders

Border Security: ‘Smart walls’ for Indian borders United States President Joe Biden stopped the construction of the much-publicised “border wall” between the U.S. and Mexico as part of a series of executive actions, in a development that was long-awaited. It was confirmed, however, that an alternative has been offered — a ‘smart’ wall that replaces the physical and armed patrolling with advanced surveillance tech is the proposed future of

Greater Tipraland

Greater Tipraland ‘Greater Tipraland’ has been a political demand on the lines of ‘Greater Nagalim’, and seeks to – in a democratic manner – cater to the aspirations of Tripuris in Mamit of Mizoram, Kachar and Hailakandi in Assam, and even in Khagrachari, Bandarban, and Chittagong of Bangladesh.

Helina and Dhruvastra Missiles

Helina and Dhruvastra Missiles The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has designed and developed anti-tank guided missiles, Army version Helina, and Airforce variant Dhruvastra. These are third generation, Lock-on-Before-Launch (LOBL) fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missiles that can engage targets both in direct hit mode as well as top attack mode. The system has all-weather day and night capability. They can defeat battle tanks with co

Analysis of IT ACT,2000 (Recent Twitter issue)

Analysis of IT ACT,2000 (Recent Twitter issue) Introduction On February 1, 2021, in the wake of the intensification of the farmers’ protests and reports of violent incidents on January 26 – a number of Twitter accounts became inaccessible in India. Government of India had invoked Section 69A of the Information Technology Act, and ordered Twitter to block access to these accounts. The reason, it appeared, was the use of the hashtag #ModiPlanningFarmerGenocide, which was

Progress MS-16 Cargo Ship

Progress MS-16 Cargo Ship Progress MS-16 or Progress 77 cargo ship has delivered water, propellant and other supplies to the International Space Station (ISS). Progress MS-16 is an unmanned Russian cargo ship launched by Russian Space Agency, Roscosmos.

‘Compensate those acquitted under UAPA’

‘Compensate those acquitted under UAPA’ A local court in Surat acquitted 122 persons arrested under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act for participating in a meeting organised in December 2001 as members of the Students’ Islamic Movement of India (SIMI), a banned outfit. After their acquittal, some of the accused, and also activists from the minority community, demanded that they be compensated for being “illegally framed by the police” without a

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act cases rose by 72% from 2015

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act cases rose by 72% from 2015 There has been over a 72% increase in the number of persons arrested under the UAPA (Unlawful Activities [Prevention] Act) in 2019 compared to the year 2015, data provided by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in the Lok Sabha show. As many as 1,948 persons were arrested under the UAPA in 1,226 cases registered across the country in 2019. From 2015 till 2018, the cases registered under the Act annually stood at 897, 922,

Data on UAPA Cases

Data on UAPA Cases from 2015 to 2020 There is a 72% increase in the number of persons arrested under the UAPA (Unlawful Activities [Prevention] Act in 2019 compared to the year 2015, data provided by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). As many as 1,948 persons were arrested under the UAPA in 1,226 cases registered across the country in 2019. In 2019, the highest number of such cases were registered in Manipur (306), followed by Tamil Nadu (270), Jammu & Kashmir (255

INS Karanj Inducted into service

INS Karanj Inducted into service Indian Navy inducted INS Karanj into service, the 3rd Scorpene-class conventional diesel-electric submarine. About INS Karanj: INS Karanj is a part of Project-75I. It is the 3rd of the first batch of 6 Scorpene-class submarines for the Indian Navy. It is French naval defence and energy group. Manufactured by Mazagon Dock Limited in Mumbai. Key Features: INS Karanj is equipped with centralised propulsion and machinery c

Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX)

Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) The Government is working on the Second ‘Positive Indigenisation List’ as part of Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan on domestic procurements. Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) framework was launched in April, 2018 with an aim to achieve self-reliance and to foster innovation and technology development in defence and aerospace by engaging industries including MSMEs, startups, individual innovators, R&D institutes and academia. i

Vajra Prahaar Exercise between India & US

Vajra Prahaar Exercise between India & US The 11th edition of Indo-US Joint Special Forces Exercise Vajra Prahar was conducted at Special Forces Training School located at Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh. About Exercise Vajra Prahar: Exercise Vajra Prahar is a Special Forces joint military training exercise. It takes place alternately in India and the US since 2010. The exercise enables sharing of best practices and experience in areas such as joint mission planning capabiliti

Moaists- Tarrem attacks

Moaists- Tarrem attacks Introduction Tarrem attacks indicate that the weakened Maoists remain a strong military threat Details of the attack The deaths of over 20 paramilitary personnel in an encounter with the Maoists in the Tarrem area near Chhattisgarh’s Sukma district once again puts the spotlight on the long-running conflict in this remote tribal region. Reports indicate a Maoist ambush of the paramilitary personnel from different units – the Special Task

Preventive Detention-Telangana Public Security Act, 1992

Preventive Detention-Telangana Public Security Act, 1992 Introduction The Government of Telangana, on March 30, 2021, issued a notification banning 16 organisations under the Telangana Public Security Act, 1992 (TPSA), declaring them as ‘unlawful associations’ and ‘new front organisations of the proscribed Communist Party of India (Maoist)’. Health crisis, faltering steps The ban comes during a surging second wave of COVID-19, in which Telangana has

Delhi HC and UAPA

Delhi HC and UAPA What is the news? Notwithstanding the fact that the definition of ‘terrorist act’ in the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) is “wide and even somewhat vague”, the phrase ‘terrorist act’ cannot be permitted to be casually applied to criminal acts that fall squarely within the definition of conventional offences, the Delhi High Court. A bench of Justice Siddharth Mridul and Justice Anup Jairam Bhanbhani said the word ‘

Nagaland Issue

Nagaland Issue Four years after the government inked the Naga peace accord in 2015, the Centre has now said that the process had almost concluded, despite the fact that the talks had hit a roadblock in their final stages. Why is the Naga Peace talks being delayed? It is mainly because of unrealistic demands. NSCN I-M has issued statements in the past claiming that it wanted a separate Constitution, flag and integration of all contiguous Naga-inhabited areas under Nagalim (Grea

Drone Rules, 2021

Drone Rules, 2021 Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) has released the updated – Drone Rules, 2021 for public consultation. Built on a premise of trust, self-certification, and non-intrusive monitoring, The Drone Rules, 2021 will replace the UAS Rules 2021 (released on 12 March 2021). Key takeaways from the Draft Drone Rules, 2021 include: Approvals abolished: unique authorisation number, unique prototype identification number, certificate of conformance, certificate of mai

PLI Scheme for Drones

PLI Scheme for Drones Center has approved the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for drones and drone components on 15 Sep 2021. The total amount allocated for the PLI scheme for drones and drone components is INR 120 crore spread over three financial years.  This amount is nearly double the combined turnover of all domestic drone manufacturers in FY 2020-21. This amount is 1.5 times the combined size of the manufacturing drone sector. Over a period of thr

Military exercises of India

Military exercises of India List of all Military Exercises of India 2021 Military Exercises of India with Neighbours Sampriti: India & Bangladesh Mitra Shakti: India & Sri Lanka Surya Kiran: India & Nepal Hand in Hand Exercise: India & China Ekaterina: India & Maldives Military Exercises of India with Other countries Maitree Exercise: India & Thailand Vajra Prahar: India & US Yudh Abhyas: India & US Nomadic Elephant: India &

Tax Evasion in India

Tax Evasion in India What is Tax Evasion? Tax evasion is an activity that aims to hide, understate or falsely report income to reduce your tax liability. It comes under Tax fraud which consists not paying tax, paying less than what is due, not declaring cash transactions, fabricating income, falsifying deductions without proof etc. Tax evasion is important because it is considered illegal in India and leads to severe penalties. The penalty for not disclosing income ranges from 100% -

Operation Garuda

Operation Garuda The Central Bureau of Investigation has launched 'Operation Garuda,' a multi-phase operation against an illicit drug trafficking network, registering 127 new cases, arresting 175 people, and seizing massive amounts of narcotic drugs. Regarding 'Operation Garuda,' It was established in close collaboration with Interpol and the Narcotics Control Bureau to combat the smuggling of illegal drugs and psychotropic substances, with a particular empha

Exercise ‘Sea Vigil-22’

Exercise ‘Sea Vigil-22’ The third edition of ‘Sea Vigil-22’ is all set to commence on the eastern seaboard as part of the nation-wide Coastal Defence Exercise from November 15. About Exercise ‘Sea Vigil-22’ It was conceptualised in 2018 to validate various measures that have been instituted towards enhancing maritime security since the 26/11 Mumbai attack. The exercise is being conducted by the Indian Navy in coordination with the Indian

Operation SADBHAVANA

Operation SADBHAVANA The Indian Army launched Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill) in the State of Jammu & Kashmir to address the aspirations of people who have been impacted by scrooge of terrorism, which is supported and encouraged by Pakistan. Seven Army Goodwill Schools are now being operated by the Indian Army in the Ladakh Region as part of "Operation SADBHAVANA". These schools now accommodate more than 2,200 students. Various isolated regions in Ladakh have receiv

Gun Violence

Gun Violence In Nashville, Tennessee (in the United States),  a school was the scene of a mass shooting in March 2023 that left 7 people dead as well as It was the 129th large-scale shooting in America in 2023. Also, the Punjab Government revoked 813 permits for firearms around the state to combat the "gun culture" there. Argument in Favour to Access to Gun Guns, according to some, can lower crime rates by increasing the cost of committing a crime. They have emphasised

Drug Trafficking

Drug Trafficking Security and law enforcement organisations around the world, including in India, are on high alert due to the serious problem of the international drug trade. The Death (Golden) Crescent and Death (Golden) Triangle have historically been viewed as sandwiching India, and drug lords who are indirectly assisted by intelligence setups are flooding India with drugs, mainly heroin and methamphetamine, from these two locations. Drug issue The Taliban's main sourc

National Security Strategy

India is working on its first-ever national security strategy document after years of deliberations in the military and strategic community. Security Architecture in India After India became a nuclear-weapon state in 1998, the national security architecture underwent a significant change. At the apex, a National Security Council (NSC) was set up with the Prime Minister (PM) as the Chairman. Its permanent members included ministe

Manipur violence and UNLF Peace Accord

Geography of Manipur and History of Violence in Manipur There are 16 districts in Manipur, but the state is commonly thought of as divided into ‘valley’ and ‘hill’ districts. Today’s valley districts of Imphal East, Imphal West, Thoubal, Bishnupur, and Kakching were part of the erstwhile kingdom of Kangleipak, ruled by the Ningthouja dynasty. The Manipur valley is encircled by skirts of low hills (hill areas comprise the bulk of Manipur’s ge

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA)

Aim- To prevent and punish unlawful and terrorist activities that threaten the sovereignty and integrity of the country. Definition- The Act defines unlawful activities as any action that supports, propagates, or advocates secession from India, disclaims or questions the territorial integrity of India, causes or intends to cause disaffection against India, supports any terrorist organization or individual. Declaration of unlawful associations- The Act empowe

Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (Ions) – 2023

The 8th edition of Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) Conclave of Chiefs (CoC) was conducted by Royal Thai Navy at Bangkok, Thailand. The inaugural edition of IONS was held in Feb 2008 at New Delhi, with the Indian Navy as the Chair for two years. IONS is a voluntary initiative that seeks to increase maritime co-operation among navies of the littoral states (states with coast) of the Indian Ocean Region. IONS provides an open and inclusive forum for discussion of regionally relevant m

Information Fusion Centre for Indian Ocean Region

Recently, IFC-IOR marked its 5th anniversary and it also played key role in the backend in tackling vessel hijacking episode near Gulf of Aden. Established by – The government of India at Gurugram in 2018 and is hosted by the Indian Navy. IFC-IOR is located within the premises of the Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC), the nodal agency for maritime data fusion. Tagline – Collaboration for Safety and Security. Aims &ndash

National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre (NMDAC)

India is poised to establish a National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre (NMDAC) in response to emerging threats in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). NMDAC The Indian Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) in Gurugram, is on track to upgrade into the National Maritime Domain Awareness Centre in about three years. Objective - The primary objective of the NMDAC is to meticulously gather, analyze, and provide actionable intelligence to address maritime challe

Regulation of Virtual Digital Asset

Recently, the Financial Intelligence Unit India (FIU IND) issued show-cause notices to 9 offshore virtual digital asset service providers (VDA SPs) like Bitfinex and MEXC Global, among others. What is FIU-IND? Established in – 2004 under the Finance Ministry. Aim – To act as a nodal agency for receiving, analysing and disseminating information relating to suspected financial transactions Function – It receives reports from private and public sector b

Poppy straw

Over 10,000 kg of poppy straw, under the cover of cattle feed, has been seized by the Central Bureau of Narcotics in the last 1 year. Poppy straw – It is the husk left after the opium is extracted from the pods which also contains a very small morphine content. Drug – It is one of the narcotic drugs under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS). India is one of the few countries that legally cultivate opium poppy and

Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)- NGO 

The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 2010 (FCRA) registration of two prominent non-governmental organisations (NGOs) — Centre for Policy Research (CPR) and World Vision India (WVI) have been cancelled this month. What is FCRA? Key provisions of FCRA, 2010 Key aspects Description About It regulates foreign donations and ensures that such contributions do not adversely affect internal security

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