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Singapore and South Korea model to fight COVID-19

Singapore Model to fight COVID19 Singapore is currently in a "relatively stable" situation as the government has put in place a series of measures and adjusted them as needed. The measures taken by the Singapore government are: Imposing border controls since January. All travellers, including Singapore residents, long-term pass holders and short-term visitors, entering Singapore with recent travel history to other Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, Jap

National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG)

National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG) The National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG) is an autonomous institute under the aegis of the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Government of India. Its head office is at New Delhi and its registered office at Mussoorie. The NCGG has been set up to assist in bringing about governance reforms through studies, training, knowledge sharing and promotion of good ideas. It seeks to carry out policy-relevant

Cairn Energy wins arbitration award

Cairn Energy wins arbitration award India has been ordered to return up to $1.4 billion to Cairn Energy PLC of the U.K. after an international arbitration overturned tax demanded retrospectively — an award the government indicated it may challenge. The three­member tribunal, which also comprised a nominee of the Indian government, unanimously ruled that India’s claim of 10,247 crore in past taxes over a 2006­07 internal reorganisation of Cairn’s India business w

Census and SECC Analysis

What is the Census of India? The decennial Census of India has been conducted 15 times, as of 2011.  While it has been undertaken every 10 years, beginning in 1872 under British Viceroy Lord Mayo, the first complete census was taken in 1881. Post-1949, it has been conducted by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. All the censuses since 1951 were conducted under the 1948 Census of India Act. The last cen

Spectrum auctions

Spectrum auctions Introduction India’s first auction of telecommunications spectrum in five years, with the government generating revenue of 77,815 crores from the exercise. Reliance Jio accounted for close to 60% of the spectrum bought, followed by Bharti Airtel and Vodafone Idea. On offer was over 2,308 megahertz (MHz) of spectrum valued for the auction by the government at 3.92 lakh crore, and bids were successfully received for 37% or 855.6 MHz. How has the indu

Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act,1995

Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act,1995 Introduction It is quite regrettable that politicians are often hit by scandals arising from leaked footage purportedly showing them in intimate proximity with women. The latest episode involves former Karnataka Minister Ramesh Jarkiholi, who resigned in the wake of visuals allegedly showing him in such a situation. Programme Code Speculation about the existence of more such compact discs that could surface in the media has res

Democracy- Background, major pillars and Indices

Democracy- Background, major pillars and Indices Power vs. Legitimacy Throughout history, the vast majority of governments that have ever existed have enjoyed essentially unfettered power over their subjects. Some rulers have been more enlightened and benign than others and grasped the insight that ruling is easier when one’s right to do so is viewed as legitimate than simply through coercion; but even such philosopher-kings were not above the exercise of arbitrary power when n

Investment Opportunities in India’s Healthcare Sector Report- NITI Aayog

Investment Opportunities in India’s Healthcare Sector Report- NITI Aayog Highlights of the Report: The report outlines the investment opportunities in various segments of India’s healthcare sector. This includes hospitals, medical devices and equipment, health insurance, telemedicine, home healthcare, and medical value travel. India’s Healthcare Industry: Healthcare Sector Growth Rate: India’s healthcare industry is growing at a Growth Rate&nbs

Sushil Chandra -24th CEC

Sushil Chandra -24th CEC Context  Sushil Chandra assumed charge as the 24th Chief Election Commissioner of India, succeeding  Sunil Arora. About: Shri Sushil Chandra has been serving in the Commission as Election Commissioner since 15 February 2019. He is also Member of the Delimitation Commission since 18th February 2020 looking after the Delimitation of Jammu Kashmir UT. Having held several posts in the Income-Tax Department for nearly 39 years, Sh Sushil C

Ordinance route of the government- issue repromulgation

Ordinance route of the government- issue promulgation Introduction The central government has promulgated the ordinance that establishes the Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas Ordinance, 2020. About ordinance The Constitution permits the central and State governments to make laws when Parliament (or the State Legislature) is not in session (U/A.123 and 213). As law making is a legislative function, this power is provided f

Unwarranted arrests- On sedition

Unwarranted arrest The arrest of K. Raghu Ramakrishna Raju, an MP from Andhra Pradesh, on the grave charge of sedition, is yet another instance of the misuse of the provision relating to exciting “disaffection” against the government. The police in different States have been invoking sedition, an offence defined in Section124A IPC, against critics of the establishment and prominent dissenters. However, his arrest’s unwarranted, considering that he is being accuse

Rules regulating Cable TV network amended

Rules regulating Cable TV networks amended The Central Government today issued a notification amending the Cable Television Network Rules, 1994 thereby providing a statutory mechanism for redressal of grievances/complaints of citizens relating to content broadcast by television channels in accordance with the provisions of the Cable Television Network Act, 1995. At present, there is an institutional mechanism by way of an Inter-Ministerial Committee to address grievances of citizens rela

Supreme Court declines EC plea to restrain media reports

Supreme Court declines EC plea to restrain media reports Real-time reportage of court proceedings, including the oral exchanges in courtrooms between judges and lawyers, is part of the right to freedom of speech, the Supreme Court held in a judgment. “With the advent of technology, we are seeing reporting proliferate through social media forums which provide real-time updates to a much wider audience. This is an extension of the freedom of speech and expression that the media posse

Jal Jeevan Mission: Working Mechanism & Governance

Jal Jeevan Mission: Working Mechanism & Governance Jal Jeevan Mission – Har Ghar Jal announced on 15th August 2019, to provide Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) to every rural home by 2024, which is in its third year of implementation. National Jal Jeevan Mission, Ministry of Jal Shakti will soon roll out the annual planning exercise with States. The working mechanism is as follows: While implementing, States/ UTs are to give priority to water quality-affected

Prison Reforms

Prison Reforms Articles 14, 19, 20, 21 and 22 deal with the rights of prisoners.  Art 39 (a) Fair justice also deals with Prisons. Prisons is a State subject. Administration and management of prisons is the responsibility of respective State Governments. However, the Ministry of Home Affairs provides regular guidance and advice to States and UTs on various issues concerning prisons and prison inmates.   Statistics on Prisons Bench of Justices U.U.Lalit and K

Legal Awareness Programme for Women

Legal Awareness Programme for Women The National Commission for Women (NCW) along with National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has launched a pan-India Legal Awareness Program for Women, "Empowerment of Women through Legal Awareness” to impart practical knowledge about legal rights and remedies provided under various women related laws, thereby making them fit to face the challenges in real life situations. The programme aims to cover all the States and Union Territorie

Good Governance Index 2021

Good Governance Index 2021 Good Governance Index, GGI 2021 Framework covered ten sectors and 58 indicators. The sectors of GGI 2020-21 are 1) Agriculture and Allied Sectors, 2) Commerce & Industries, 3) Human Resource Development, 4) Public Health, 5.) Public Infrastructure & Utilities, 6) Economic Governance, 7) Social Welfare & Development, 8) Judicial & Public Security, 9) Environment, and 10) Citizen-Centric Governance. The GGI 2020-21 categorises States and UTs i

Mediation Bill 2021 - Detailed Overview

Mediation Bill 2021 - Detailed Overview The background behind Mediation Bill:         In General, Disputes Became part and parcel of  Day-to-Day Life. Someone or the Other belonging to the family or else not a part of the family would be fighting for something. These Disputes may be for Smaller or Bigger issues sometimes leading to Criminal offences also. Many criminal offences are a result of civil or commercial disputes which can be solved by talki

ENFORCEMENT DIRECTORATE

ENFORCEMENT DIRECTORATE The genesis of the Enforcement Directorate goes back to 1956 when an Enforcement Unit was set up, in the Department of Economic Affairs, for handling the Exchange Control Laws violations under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947. In the year 1957, this Unit was renamed as the ‘Enforcement Directorate’. Currently, it is the part of Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance. The Organization is mandated with the responsibility of enforcing the pro

Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI)

Recently, Chief Economic Adviser of India stressed on the need for the World Governance Index to be more transparent and less subjective as it has been used for ratings assessment by credit ratings agencies. The WGI is developed in 1999 by 2 World Bank researchers and the data will be updated annually every September. It is released by the World Bank (WB). Objective - To help researchers and analysts assess broad patterns in perceptions of governance across countries and ove

Governor and Assent to the Bills

The Governor’s appointment, his powers and everything related to the office of Governor have been discussed under Article 153 to Article 162 of the Indian Constitution. The role of the Governor is quite similar to that of the President of India. The Governor performs the same duties as of President, but for the State. Governor stands as executive head of a State and the working remains the same as of the office of President of India. Under the Constitution of India, the gove

Fact Check Unit

Tamil Nadu government recently ordered the creation of a fact check unit to verify the authenticity of information about the government on all media platforms. What are the provisions of fact check unit? Objective- To act as a deterrent to creators and disseminators of fake news.  To combat misinformation, disinformation and hate speech. Power- The unit can take suo motu cognisance of any information related to the government for fact-checking or act on compl

Bihar’s demand for Special Category Status

In light of the “Bihar Caste-based Survey, 2022”which showed that almost 33% of Bihar’s people are poor, the State government seeks Special Category Status. What is Special Category Status (SCS)? It is a classification granted by the Centre to assist the development of States that face geographical or socio-economic disadvantages. Launch year- It was introduced in 1969 on the recommendation of the 5th Finance Commission (FC). Gadgil formula- It w

Fast Track Special Court (FTSCs)

The Union Cabinet has approved the continuation of Fast Track Special Court (FTSCs) till March 2026. It is a dedicated court to strengthen the deterrence framework for sexual offenders and to ensure the swift disposal of cases related to rape and the POCSO Act. Launch– 2019 Mandate – Exclusively handle pending cases of Rape and POCSO Act. Implemented by – Department of Justice, Ministry of Law & Justice which has an o

National Cadet Corps (NCC)

NCC celebrated its 75th Anniversary on November 26, 2023. It was established in 1948 as a largest uniformed youth organization of Indian Armed Forces with its headquarters in New Delhi. It aims at developing character, comradeship, discipline, secular outlook, the spirit of adventure and ideals of selfless service amongst young citizens. It is open to school and college students on voluntary basis as a Tri-Services Organization, comprising the Army, the Navy

Role of Governor in Public Universities

On June 13, 2022, the West Bengal government passed a Bill to replace the Governor with the Chief Minister, as the Chancellor of 31 state public universities (such as Calcutta University, Jadavpur University).  As per the All India Survey on Higher Education (2019-20) state public universities provide higher education to almost 85% of all students enrolled in higher education in India.   What is the role of the Chancelalor in public universities?  State public

Composite Water Management Index (CWMI)

NITI weighs discontinuing key water report launched 5 years ago. Released by – Niti Aayog Prepared by – Niti Aayog in association with 3 ministries of central government (Water Resources, Drinking Water & Sanitation, and Rural Development). Objective – It ranked states in terms of efficacy of water management on the basis of 28 parameters. Reports – The 1st edition provided data for 2015-16 and 2016-17 in 2018 and the 2nd edit

Jammu and Kashmir Bills

Recently Lok Sabha has passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill and Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill. What is Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill? It amends the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. J&K Reorganisation Act, 2019- It provides for the reorganisation of the state of Jammu and Kashmir into the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir (with legislature) and Ladakh (without legislature). Number of seats in Legisl

Special Provisions Article 371 and states

After Supreme Court upheld the validity of abrogation of Article, certain features of asymmetric federalism like Article 371 and Article 239A in Indian Constitution have come to limelight. What is the nature of relationship between the centre and states in India? Quasi-federal – While states do have autonomy, the Constitution tilts towards the Centre on certain areas. 7th Schedule of the Constitution – It contains the Union, State and Concurrent li

Article 370 and Supreme Court

A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court unanimously upheld the power of the President to abrogate Article 370 of the Constitution, which granted special status to the former State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K).  History of J&K’s Accession to India Pre-Independence- Under British rule, from 1846 to 1858, J&K was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with the British East India Company and subsequently came under

Revised Criminal Reform Bill

The Centre withdraws all three criminal law Bills and introduces new set of draft legislations. Why the criminal Bills are revised? In August 2023, three Bills were introduced in Lok Sabha. Introduced bills Replaced Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Bill, 2023 (BNSB) Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), 1973

Election Commissioners Bill 2023

Recently Rajya Sabha passed The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Office and Terms of Office) Bill, 2023. Constitutional Provisions for Election Commission About Description Election Commission It is a permanent and an independent body established by the Constitution of India directly to ensure free and fair elections in the country.

Pro Bono Legal Service Programme

It is an initiative of the Department of Justice, launched in April 2017. It aimed at enhancing "access to justice" for marginalised sections of the society and the state's constitutional obligation of providing "free legal aid" for all. Pro bono is a Latin phrase that means "for the good of the people".

PensionFund Regulatory and Development Authority PFRDA

The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) is a regulatory body that oversees and regulates pensions in India. It was established in 2003 and operates under the Ministry of Finance. In 2003, the PFRDA launched the National Pension Scheme (NPS), which was extended to all citizens in 2009. The PFRDA regulates the NPS ecosystem, which is subscribed to by employees of the Government of India, State Governments, and private institutions.

Net Borrowing limits for states

Finance Ministry recently announced that States may be able to tap about Rs.2.04 lakh crore as additional borrowings over and above their net borrowing limits for the year. The Centre had allowed 22 States to raise additional borrowings of almost Rs.61,000 crore this year on top of their net borrowing ceilings of 3% of Gross State Domestic Product. The extra borrowing ceiling was granted to States who met their pension liabilities by making required contributions to th

Telecommunication Bill 2023

Parliament passed the Telecommunications Act , 2023 to reform the country’s century-old telecom law. About Telecommunication Act 2023 It replaced the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933, and the Telegraph Wires (Unlawful Possession) Act, 1950. It lays down provisions that the central government will provide authorisation for telecom-related activities and assign spectrum.  It also mandates that the 

Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita Bill, 2023 (BNSS)

Under new law, doctors face two years of imprisonment for death due to negligence. Section 106 (1) - Section 106 (1) of the BNS Bill, 2023 deals with causing death by negligence. This makes a differentiation between a doctor and any other person causing death by doing any rash or negligent act not amounting to culpable homicide. The amended Section 106 (1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Bill does not provide a blanket exemption to doctors in cases of death due to neglige

Press and Registration of Periodicals Bill, 2023

Recently, the Press and Registration of Periodicals Bill, 2023, was passed in the Lok Sabha that seeks to repeal the Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867. Why was this Bill brought in? Objective - To remove the legacy of the British Raj. The 1867 Act exercise complete control over the press and the printers and publishers of newspapers and books along with heavy fines and penalties including imprisonment for various violations. In today’s age of free press

Net Borrowing limits for states

Finance Ministry recently announced that States may be able to tap about Rs.2.04 lakh crore as additional borrowings over and above their net borrowing limits for the year. The Centre had allowed 22 States to raise additional borrowings of almost Rs.61,000 crore this year on top of their net borrowing ceilings of 3% of Gross State Domestic Product. The extra borrowing ceiling was granted to States who met their pension liabilities by making required contributions to

Competition Commission of India (CCI)

Competition Commission of India has selected Ansuman Pattnaik as the new head of its investigation’s unit recently. The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is a statutory body within the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. It was established in 2003, but became fully functional in 2009. The CCI aims to establish a competitive environment in the Indian economy by engaging with all stakeholders, the government, and international jurisdiction.

Welfare board for Gig Workers

The labour welfare and skill development department has constituted the Tamil Nadu Platform Based Gig Workers Welfare Board recently. It will cater to workers in e-commerce services including online food delivery and cab aggregators.

Physical Training Instructors (PTIs) as Teachers

The Supreme Court recently held that physical training instructors (PTIs) come within the definition of “teachers”. Physical training instructors impart to students the skills and rules of various sports and games.a

Director General of CISF

The centre recently appointed Nina Singh, the 1st woman IPS officer as the Director General of Central Industrial Security Force (CISF). CISF is a federal police organization in India that is part of the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF). CISF is responsible for providing security and protection to various industrial establishments, government infrastructure projects, and other important installations in India. It is the largest industrial security force&nbs

Water Governance

Water Governance poses one of the biggest challenges in modern-day India that looks out for definitive solutions. Every place and every community have their unique stories and problems associated with water, wherein the governance addresses complications of the governor than the benefits of the governed. How this scare water resource is to be allocated? How to generate livelihood in the food-energy nexus? How to keep the order of the biosphere balanced. Key aspects of wat

Amendment of Central Civil Services Rules, 2021

The Union government has now amended the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules of 2021. It is to allow women government servants and pensioners to nominate their children for receiving family pension over their spouse. Conditions – At the time of the women’s death, any proceedings for divorce, domestic violence, or dowry demands happen to be pending against the said spouse. Till now, the rules provided for the family pension to first go to the surviving spouse and t

Supreme Court Legal Services Committee (SCLSC)

Recently, Department of Justice have announced nomination of Supreme Court judge Justice BR Gavai as the Chairman of the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee (SCLSC). Constituted under - Section 3A the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 which states that the Central Authority (NALSA) shall constitute the committee. Legal Services Authorities Act was constituted in 1987 to give a statutory base to legal aid programmes and to provide free and competent legal serv

National Sports and Adventure Awards 2023

The National Sports and Adventure Awards were established in 2002 to honor athletes who contribute to sports and continue to promote sports events after retirement. The 2023 awards included Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Awards-2023; Dronacharya Awards-2023; Arjuna Awards-2023; Dhyan Chand Awards-2023; Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Awards-2022; Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar-2023; and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy-2023.

Interim Budget vs Vote-On-Account

An interim budget serves as a framework for managing provisional expenditures over a short duration, usually spanning a few months, until a new government takes office at the central level. An interim budget generally includes the current state of the economy, plan and non-plan expenditures and receipts, changes in tax rates, revised estimates of the current financial year, and estimates for the coming financial year. Despite being presented for th

Civil Society and Associated issues

The anti-communal and progressive civic space is under the most serious attack by various restrictions in India. What are the issues faced by Civil Society Organisations (CSOs)? A free civic space is the space where CSOs can operate without undue interference from the state or other actors. India is a diverse and vibrant civil society but the constitutional freedom is under siege which provides citizens to participate in public affairs, express their views, and hold the government ac

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