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GS-III : S&T Health

22 February, 2023
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Tsetse Flies

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Tsetse Flies

According to a recent study, tsetse flies emit volatile pheromones that regulate both their mating habits and the harmful diseases they transmit.
More people and animals are anticipated to contract these diseases in the upcoming years as climate change is predicted to increase the places where tsetse flies may survive.
African trypanosomes, a type of parasite, are known to be carried by tsetse flies. The parasites carry diseases like nagana, which affects livestock and other animals, and African sleeping sickness, which can be lethal to humans, when the insects bite people or animals.

About pathogen:

A biological agent that causes disease or illness is called a pathogen. Pathogens that spread spontaneously between animals and people are referred to as zoonotic pathogens.

Several other pathogen types:

A virus' genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, is combined with a protein covering to provide it with protection. The body's host cells are invaded by viruses. After that, they replicate by using the elements of the host cell to create new viruses.
Examples of illnesses brought on by viruses include chickenpox, influenza, Covid-19, HIV/AIDS, mumps, measles, and rubella.
Microorganisms that are composed of just one cell are known as bacteria. They can exist in almost any environment and come in a wide variety of shapes and features, including those found inside and on the human body.
Cholera, Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Plague, Syphilis, Anthrax, etc. are a few examples of diseases brought on by bacteria.
Fungi: Fungi are microscopic organisms that can be found almost anywhere in the environment, including on human skin. When they develop too much, they infect people.
Mucormycosis, white mould, and yellow mould are a few examples of fungi.
Parasites are organisms that behave like tiny animals and live inside or on top of their hosts, obtaining food from them or from them at their expense. Parasitic illnesses can happen worldwide, though they are more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas.
Malaria, African trypanosomiasis, babesiosis, leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, and other parasitic diseases are examples.

Source: India times

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