Tiger Reserves in India

About Tiger Reserves:

Tiger Reserves are protected areas that aim at conserving the habitat to ensure a viable population of the tigers along with their prey base in their habitat.

Declared by: Tigers Reserves are declared by the National Tiger Conservation Authority via Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act,2006 under Project Tiger.

Project Tiger: It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Government of India launched in 1973.
It aims for in-situ conservation of wild tigers in designated tiger reserves.
To declare an area as Tiger Reserve, the state governments can forward their proposals to NTCA.
The Central Government via NTCA may also advise the state governments to forward a proposal for the creation of Tiger Reserves.

Tigers Reserves in India:

There are 51 tigers reserves in India.
These are governed by Project Tiger which is administered by NTCA.
Bandipur Tiger Reserve in Karnataka is the first tiger reserve in India
Srivilliputhur- Megamalai Tiger Reserve in Tamil Nadu is the 51st Tiger Reserve in India.
Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve located in Andhra Pradesh is the largest tiger reserve in India.
Corbett Tiger Reserve in Uttarakhand has the highest number of tigers.
- This is followed by Nagarhole tiger reserve(Karnataka) and Bandipur Tiger Reserve(Karnataka).

National Tiger Conservation Authority(NTCA):

NTCA is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change.
It was constituted under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
It was established in 2005 following the recommendations of the Tiger Task Force.

Objectives of National Tiger Conservation Authority:

Providing statutory authority to Project Tiger so that compliance with its directives becomes legal.
Fostering accountability of Center-State in the management of Tiger Reserves.
Providing for oversight by Parliament.
Addressing livelihood interests of local people in areas surrounding Tigers Reserves.

St. Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation

This resolution was adopted In 2010, by the leaders of 13 tiger range countries (TRCs) assembled at an International Tiger Forum in St. Petersburg, Russia.
Also called the Global Tiger Recovery Program whose overarching goal was to double the number of wild tigers from about 3,200 to more than 7,000 by 2022.
13 Tiger range countries are Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand and Vietnam.

Source: PIB

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