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DAILY NEWS ANALYSIS
03 April, 2021
8 Min Read
GS-Paper-Forest and Biodiversity conservation- Prelims & UPSC Interview
Context: A wetland is a place where the land is covered by water. Marshes, ponds, the edge of a lake/ocean, the delta at the mouth of a river, low-lying areas that frequently flood — all of these are wetlands. Wetlands of international importance are also known as Ramsar sites.
Wetlands are areas where water is the primary factor controlling the environment and the associated plant and animal life. They occur where the water table is at or near the surface of the land, or where the land is covered by water.
Wetlands are defined as: "lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic eco-systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is covered by shallow water".
Types of Wetlands:
Why wetlands are called ‘Ramsar sites’?
Ramsar is a city in Iran. In 1971, an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands was signed at Ramsar. The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”.
More than 2300 wetlands of international importance!
Facts: World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on 2nd February.
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List of Ramsar sites in India [Latest]
Ramsar Sites in India |
State – Location |
Ashtamudi Wetland |
Kerala |
Beas Conservation Reserve |
Punjab |
Bhitarkanika Mangroves |
Odisha |
Bhoj Wetlands |
Madhya Pradesh |
Chandra Taal |
Himachal Pradesh |
Chilika Lake |
Odisha |
Deepor Beel |
Assam |
East Kolkata Wetlands |
West Bengal |
Harike Wetlands |
Punjab |
Hokera Wetland |
Jammu & Kashmir |
Kanjli Wetland |
Punjab |
Keoladeo National Park |
Rajasthan |
Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve |
Punjab |
Kolleru lake |
Andhra Pradesh |
Loktak lake |
Manipur |
Nalsarovar Bird sanctuary |
Gujarat |
Nandur Madhameshwar |
Maharashtra |
Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary |
Punjab |
Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary |
Uttar Pradesh |
Parvati Agra Bird Sanctuary |
Uttar Pradesh |
Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary |
Tamil Nadu |
Pong Dam lake |
Himachal Pradesh |
Renuka lake |
Himachal Pradesh |
Ropar Wetland |
Punjab |
Rudrasagar Lake |
Tripura |
Saman Bird Sanctuary |
Uttar Pradesh |
Samaspur Bird Sanctuary |
Uttar Pradesh |
Sambhar lake |
Rajasthan |
Sandi Bird Sanctuary |
Uttar Pradesh |
Sarsai Nawar Jheel |
Uttar Pradesh |
Sasthamkotta lake |
Kerala |
Surinsar- Mansar lakes |
Jammu & Kashmir |
Tsomoriri |
Ladakh |
Upper Ganga river |
Uttar Pradesh |
Vembanad Kol Wetland |
Kerala |
Wular lake |
Jammu & Kashmir |
Sunderban Wetland |
West Bengal |
Asan Barrage |
Uttarakhand |
Kanwar Lake or Kabal Taal |
Bihar |
Lonar Lake |
Maharashtra |
Sur Sarovar |
Uttar Pradesh |
Tso Kar Wetland Complex |
Ladakh |
Latest Updates about Indian Ramsar Sites
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Ramsar Sites in India & Indian Wetlands |
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What are Ramsar Sites? |
Any wetland site which has been listed under the Ramsar Convention that aims to conserve it and promote sustainable use of its natural resources is called a Ramsar Site. |
What is the Ramsar Convention? |
Ramsar Convention is known as the Convention of Wetlands. It was established in 1971 by UNESCO and came into force in 1975. |
Is India a part of the Ramsar Convention? |
Yes, India is a party to the Ramsar Convention. India signed under it on 1st February 1982. |
How many Ramsar Sites are in India? |
There are 42 Ramsar Sites in India [Latest] |
Which is the largest Ramsar Site in India? |
Sundarbans is the largest Ramsar Site of India |
Which is the first Ramsar Site in India? |
Chilika Lake (Orissa) and Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan) were recognized as the first Ramsar Sites of India |
Which Indian state has the most number of Ramsar Sites? |
Uttar Pradesh has the most number of Ramsar Sites in India. It has 8 Indian Wetlands. |
Which is the smallest wetland in India? |
Renuka Wetland in Himachal Pradesh is the smallest wetland of India. |
Other Facts:
Ramsar sites are one of the major protected areas in the world. There are currently over 2400 Ramsar sites in the world covering an area of 2.5 million sq. kilometres.
Importance
Threats to Wetlands
Conservation Efforts
Ramsar Convention
Montreux Record
Source: TH/PIB
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