Pulse Polio Immunisation (PPI) - IMMUNISATION PROGRAMME

As part of the National Immunisation Day observed on 28 January, PPI programme for 2018 was launched. More than 17 crore children of less than 5 years across the country will be given polio drops.

The polio virus causes paralysis, known as acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). This is characterised by sudden muscle weakness and fever in one or more limbs. India reported its last polio case in 2011 and is also declared polio-free by WHO in 2014.

However, the immunisation drive continues as poliovirus is still circulating in other parts of the world. The injectable Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) has also been introduced recently into the Universal Immunisation Programme. IPV is an injectable form of polio vaccine administered alone or in combination with other vaccines including the OPV (oral polio vaccine).

Universal Immunization Programme

Universal Immunization Programme was launched in 1985. Now mission INDRADHNUSH

The program now consists of vaccination for 12 diseases:

tuberculosis
diphtheria
pertussis (whooping cough)
tetanus
poliomyelitis
measles
Hepatitis B
diarrhoea
Japanese Encephalitis
Rubella
Pneumonia( Haemophilus Influenza Type B)
Pneumococcal diseases (Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Meningitis)

The Indradhanush mission, launched in 2014, is to fast-track the universal immunization programme. The mission aims at increasing immunisation coverage to 90% by 2018.

Source: TH

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