Polar vortex

A polar vortex is a large area of low-pressure and cold air that surrounds both of Earth's poles.
Polar vortexes always exist, but they typically weaken during the summer and strengthen in the winter.
The polar vortex in the Arctic is typically weaker due to the presence of nearby land as well as mountain ranges that disturb the weather more so than its counterpart to the south.

Source: Aspire Resource

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