Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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GS-III
S&T
Health

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare is going to integrate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) with NPCDCS.
NPCDCS - National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke.

Conditions - It is a distinct hepatic condition where there is an accumulation of excess fat in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol, causing fatty liver.
Causes - NAFLD is a part of the metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, or pre-diabetes (insulin resistance), being overweight or obese, elevated blood lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides, and high BP.
Several factors that may contribute to the development of NASH are:
1. Oxidative stress (between pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant chemicals imbalance that lead to liver cell damage)
2. Release of toxic inflammatory proteins (cytokines) by the patient’s own inflammatory cells, liver cells, or fat cells
3. Adipose tissue inflammation and infiltration by white blood cells
4. Gut microbiota (intestinal bacteria) causing liver inflammation

Screening/Diagnosis - Blood testing or radiologic investigations such as abdominal ultrasound or CT scan.

Treatment - Weight reduction, controlling diabetes and treating elevated cholesterol levels, decrease in the amount of liver inflammation through anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-cytokine medications.

Source: TH

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