National Population Register vs Census

National Population Register (NPR) is a database containing a list of all usual residents of the country.
Its objective is to have a comprehensive identity database of people residing in the country.
A usual resident for the purposes of NPR is a person who has resided in a place for 6 months or more, and intends to reside there for another six months or more.
It is generated through house-to-house enumeration during the “house-listing” phase of the census, which is held once in 10 years.

NPR vs Census:

The census involves a detailed questionnaire - there were 29 items to be filled up in the 2011 census - aimed at eliciting the particulars of every person, including age, sex, marital status, children, occupation, birthplace, mother tongue, religion, disability and whether they belonged to any Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe.
On the other hand, the NPR collects basic demographic data and biometric particulars.
The census is legally backed by the Census Act, of 1948.
The NPR is a mechanism outlined in a set of rules framed under the Citizenship Act, 1955.

Source: TH

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