Mullaiperiyar Dam

The Supreme Court recently directed the Survey of India (SoI) to examine whether a mega car park constructed by Kerala at Mullaiperiyar Dam is encroaching property covered under the Periyar Lake Lease Agreement.

About - It is a masonry gravity dam in Idukki district of Kerala, where the Periyar and Mullayar rivers meet.
Construction - The dam was constructed during 1887-1895 across Periyar River in the then Travancore state (now Kerala).
Agreement - Although the dam is located in Kerala, it is operated by Tamil Nadu following an 1886 lease indenture for 999 years.
The lease indenture was signed between the Maharaja of Travancore and the Secretary of State for India.
The Periyar Dam with full reservoir level of 152 ft. provides for diversion of water from the reservoir through a tunnel to Vaigai basin in Tamil Nadu for irrigation benefits.
Rule Curve - According to Tamil Nadu Water Resources Organisation, Mullaperiyar is the 1^st reservoir to have Rule Curve implemented in India.

Rule Curve is a tabulation that specifies quantum of storage of water or empty space to be maintained in a reservoir during different times of a year, based on the rainfall data for 35 years.

The dam is located in the Seismic Zone III area (moderate damage risk zone)
Issue – There lies a bone of contention between Tamil Nadu and Kerala regarding the safety of the dam, release of water etc.

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