Mohenjo Daro UPSC

Mohenjo-Daro

Image Source - Harappa

Mohenjo Daro's World Heritage designation was in danger due to severe rainfall in the Sindh region, according to a warning from Pakistan's Department of Archaeology.
The Mohenjo Daro archaeological sites had a record-breaking rainfall of 779.5 mm between August 16 and August 26, 2022, which caused "severe damage to the site and partial falling of numerous walls, including the protecting wall of the stupa dome."
The natural calamity has had a severe impact on the Muneer Area, Stupa, Great Bath, and other significant locations of these ruins.
The officials of Sindh have requested urgent attention for conservation and restoration work at the site since it is believed that the Mohenjo Daro remains may be taken off the World Heritage list.

About Mohenjo Daro

One of the key sites of the Indus Valley Civilization is the location of Mohenjo Daro, which is literally translated as "Mound of the Dead" (IVC).
Indus Valley Civilization sites have been discovered throughout a wide region, from Manda in Jammu to Daimabad in Maharashtra, and from Sutkagen Dor in Balochistan near the Pakistan-Iran border to Rakhigarhi in Haryana's Hisar district.
Other important sites of the Harappan civilization in India are Lothal and Dholavira in Gujarat, and Kalibangan in Rajasthan.
The most well-known remnant of the bronze era urban civilisation (3300 BC to 1200 BC) is Mohenjo Daro, along with Harappa.
Between around 3,300 BC and 1,300 BC, it was at its height in the Indus Valley, with its "mature" phase lasting from 2,600 BC to 1,900 BC.
In the middle of the second millennium BC, civilization began to fall for reasons that are thought to have included catastrophic climate change.
Mohenjo Daro's excavations began in 1920 and lasted in stages until 1964–1965; even now, only a small portion of the site has been explored.
Rakhal Das Banerji of the Archaeological Survey of India determined the prehistoric antiquity of Mohenjo Daro in 1922.
The location is renowned for its intricate town planning, which included brick pavements for the streets, a developed water supply, drainage, and covered sewerage systems, dwellings with toilets, and major structures like the Great Granary and the Great Bath.
It had a highly developed social structure with between 30,000 and 60,000 persons in its heyday.

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Source: DAWN

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