Global Warming Potential (GWP)

Some large industrialised meat and dairy companies promotes a new metric for measuring methane emissions, called GWP* as a more accurate way to calculate emissions from the greenhouse gas (GHG).

GWP – It tells us how much heat a greenhouse gas (GHG) traps in the atmosphere.
It measures the energy absorbed by 1 ton of an atmospheric gas over a specific period relative to energy absorbed by 1 ton of Carbon di-oxide (CO2) over the same time.
- For example, the GWP of methane (CH4) is around 21 times greater than that of CO2.
Gases with a higher GWP absorb more energy, per pound, than gases with a lower GWP, and thus contribute more to warming Earth
Factors determining GWP – Atmospheric lifetime, absorption spectrum, and concentration of the GHG in the atmosphere.

	GWP 100	GWP*
Establishment	Devised under the 2015 Paris Agreement of UNFCCC	In 2016 by Oxford University and introduced in COP24 of UNFCCC in 2018
Baseline gas	Carbon di-oxide (CO2)	Methane (CH4)
Focus	On the absolute level of emissions.	On relative changes in emissions.
Timescales	Over a 100-year period	Over 10-year period

The order of most abundant GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere is Water vapor, Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous oxide, Ozone, Chlorofluorocarbons.

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