Declining Rainfall in Mawsynram

Why does it rain highest in Mawsynram?

Because of the uneven relief of India due to the presence of a number of hill ranges, the monsoon is not able to shed its moisture evenly over India.
Windward sides receive more rainfall and leeward sides receive less rainfall.
Mawsynram lies in the funnel-shaped depression caused by the Khasi range in Meghalaya.
The Bay of Bengal branch of monsoons is trapped in it and causes heavy rainfall.

Decreasing rainfall trends

The research analysed daily rain gauges and noted that the changes in the Indian Ocean temperature have a huge effect on the rainfall in the region.
There was a reduction in the vegetation area in northeast India in the past two decades, implying that human influence also plays an important role in the changing rainfall patterns.
The traditional way of cultivation known as Jhum cultivation or shifting cultivation is now decreased and being replaced by other methods.
Also, previous studies have noted there is sizable deforestation in the region.

Source: TH

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