New Textiles Policy 2020

Background

• The existing National Textile Policy 2000 was framed about 13 years ago. Since then, the industry has undergone various changes on the domestic and international front.
• The domestic textile industry has seen large-scale modernization and technological up-gradation in the last decade and faces new challenges.

About the New Textile Policy 2020

• It is aimed at developing in the country a competitive textile sector that is modern, sustainable, and inclusive.
• This new policy will have a special focus on the manufacturing of apparel and garment, technical textiles, man-made fiber products and exports.

• It will envisage positioning India as a fully integrated, globally competitive manufacturing and exporting hub.
• It will entail the strategy and action plan for the country's textile and apparel segments while maintaining a pre-eminent position in the handicraft and handloom sectors.
• Technical textiles: The Cabinet has approved the National Technical Textiles Mission. The govt. will spend Rs.1,000 crore in developing raw materials for technical textiles; research associations will be asked to produce applications for these.

Challenges ahead

• The need for cost-effectiveness is a major challenge.
• One factor affecting cost-effectiveness is the lack of scale. New industries should look at the scale. The Textiles Ministry plans to develop 10 mega textile parks. Each one will be an integrated park. It is hoped to bring some economies of scale with this. Any State which has a minimum of 1,000 acres ready for the park will be supported to develop it.
• Indian exporters are largely cotton-based. Therefore we should move to MMF (manmade fibre). If Indian exports in MMF grow to the level of cotton (i.e., the share of Indian cotton product exports in global trade) the overall exports will increase by $20-25 billion.

Click here to read The PLI Scheme for Textiles in India.

Self-reliance in defence manufacturing

• Ministry of Defence has notified a ‘First Positive Indigenisation list’ of 101 items on 21 Aug 2020 and ‘2nd Positive Indigenisation list’ of 108 items on 31 May 2021. This is a big step to promote indigenisation in the defence sector. These lists include some high technology weapon systems like artillery guns, assault rifles, corvettes, sonar systems, transport aircrafts, light combat helicopters (LCHs), radars, wheeled armoured platforms, rockets, bombs, armoured command post vehicles, armoured dozor and many other items to fulfil the needs of our Defence Services.
• SRIJAN portal to promote indigenization was launched on 14 Aug 2020. As of date 10940 items, which were earlier imported, have been displayed on the portal for indigenisation.
• 1776 components & spares have been indigenised in the year 2020-21 as a result of efforts of indigenisation by DPSUs, OFB & SHQs through their own process of indigenisation (In-house, Make-II & Other than Make-II).
• DPP-2016 has been revised as Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP)-2020, which is driven by the tenets of Defence Reforms announced as part of ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan’.
• In order to promote indigenous design and development of defence equipment ‘Buy {Indian-IDDM (Indigenously Designed, Developed and Manufactured)}’ category has been accorded top most priority for procurement of capital equipment.
• The ‘Make’ Procedure of capital procurement has been simplified. There is a provision for funding up to 70% of development cost by the Government to Indian industry under Make-I category. In addition, there are specific reservations for MSMEs under the ‘Make’ procedure.
• Procedure for ‘Make-II’ category (Industry funded), introduced in DPP 2016 to encourage indigenous development and manufacture of defence equipment has a number of industry-friendly provisions such as relaxation of eligibility criterion, minimal documentation, provision for considering proposals suggested by industry/individual etc. So far, 58 projects relating to Army, Navy & Air Force, have been accorded ‘Approval in Principle.
• The Government of India has enhanced FDI in Defence Sector up to 74% through the Automatic Route and up to 100% by Government Route.
• An innovation ecosystem for Defence titled “Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX)” has been launched in April 2018. iDEX is aimed at creation of an ecosystem to foster innovation and technology development in Defence and Aerospace by engaging Industries including MSMEs, Start-ups, Individual Innovators, R&D institutes and Academia and providing them grants/funding and other support to carry out R&D which has potential for future adoption for Indian defence and aerospace needs.
• Reforms in Offset policy have been included in DAP 2020, with a thrust on attracting investment and Transfer of Technology for Defence manufacturing, by assigning higher multipliers to them.
• Government has notified the ‘Strategic Partnership (SP)’ Model in May 2017, which envisages establishment of long-term strategic partnerships with Indian entities through a transparent and competitive process, wherein they would tie up with global Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to seek technology transfers to set up domestic manufacturing infrastructure and supply chains.
• The government has notified a ‘Policy for indigenisation of components and spares used in Defence Platforms’ in March 2019 with the objective to create an industry ecosystem which is able to indigenize the imported components (including alloys & special materials) and sub-assemblies for defence equipment and platform manufactured in India.
• Government has established two Defence Industrial Corridors, one each in the States of Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
• An Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) on “Mutual Cooperation in Joint Manufacturing of Spares, Components, Aggregates and other material related to Russian/Soviet Origin Arms and Defence Equipment” was signed in Sep 2019. The objective of the IGA is to enhance the “After Sales Support” and operational availability of Russian-origin equipment currently in service in the Indian Armed Forces by organizing the production of spares and components in the territory of India by Indian Industry by way of creation of Joint Ventures/Partnership with Russian Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) under the framework of the “Make in India” initiative.
• Defence Products list requiring Industrial Licences has been rationalised and manufacture of most of parts or components does not require Industrial License. The initial validity of the Industrial Licence granted under the IDR Act has been increased from 03 years to 15 years with a provision to further extend it by 03 years on a case-to-case basis.
• Department of Defence Production has notified 46 items under the latest Public Procurement Order 2017 notified by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), for which there is sufficient local capacity and competition and procurement of these items shall be done from local suppliers only irrespective of the purchase value.
• Defence Investor Cell (DIC) has been created in Feb-2018 in the Ministry to provide all necessary information including addressing queries related to investment opportunities, procedures and regulatory requirements for investment in the sector. As on date, 1182 queries had been received and addressed by Defence Investor Cell.
• Technology Development Fund (TDF) has been created under DRDO to promote self-reliance in Defence Technology through the participation of Public/Private industries, especially MSMEs and startups.
• For the year 2021-22, the allocation for domestic procurement has been enhanced compared to the previous year and is about 64.09% i.e. Rs. 71438.36 Crore of the allocated amount for military modernization.
• There are 6 (six) Ordnance Factories and one Manufacturing Unit of BEL in Tamil Nadu at present. Moreover as reported by the Government of Tamil Nadu, there are 35 major private companies which manufacture products for defence. These are supported by MSMEs, numbering about 250.